1979 jyly 25 jeltoqsanda Kenes әskeri Aughanstan territoriyasyn kesip ótti. Búl Aughan soghysy degen atpen tariyhqa endi. Búl soghystyng bastalghanyna 25 jeltoqsanda 44 jyl tolady. Kabuldaghy alghashqy jauyngerlik qimyl Aughanstannyng sol kezdegi basshysy Hafizulla Aminning reziydensiyasyn shabuyldaudan bastaldy.

Hafizulla Aminning jeke basyna toqtalsaq ol – Aughan elining sol kezdegi memlekettik, sayasy jәne partiya qayratkeri. Syrtqy ister ministri (1978-1979 jj.), Premier ministr, Aughanstan halyqtyq demokratiyalyq partiyasy (AHDP) Ortalyq komiytetining Bas hatshysy jәne Aughanstannyng Revolusiyalyq kenesining tóraghasy boldy (1979 j.). Ózining aldyndaghy Aughanstan basshysy N.M. Tarakiydi taqtan taydyryp, 3 ay Aughanstan demokratiyalyq respublikasyn basqardy. Onyng qysqa uaqyt biylikte bolghan kezi elde jappay terrorlyq jәne repressiyalyq jaghdaydy ushyqtyruymen este qaldy. Kenes Odaghynyng әskerleri Aughanstangha osy basshy túsynda kirdi. AHDP kóshbasshylary ishinde Kremli kósemderining senimine kire almaghan birden-bir basshy.

1979 jyly qyrkýiek aiynda biylik basynda Hafizulla Amin kelgen son, elde qatang reng alghan oqighalar oryn ala bastady. Sosialistik úrandar men demokratiyalyq qúndylyqtardy jamyla otyryp, H.Amin totalitarlyq, diktatorlyq rejim ornata bastady. El ishinde keng kólemdegi jazalaular men repressiyalar jýrgizdi. Amin eng aldymen ózine qarsy sóilegen nemese sәl de bolsa qarsylyq kórsetken, ózining pikirimen kelispegenderdi qúrta bastady.  Sonymen qatar partiyada joghary bedelge iye, bolashaqta ózine iyqtas  bolady-au degenderding kózin joydy. Keyinnen repressiyagha memlekettegi «amindik» emes partiyadaghy fraksiyalar men toptar úshyrady. Keybir basshylar elden alastatylyp, basqa jaqqa ketuge mәjbýr boldy.

H.Aminning reziydensiyasy Tәji-Bek sarayynda ornalasty. Tәji-Bek sarayynyng kýzeti óte myqty jәne senimdi etip úiymdastyrylghan edi. Saray ishinde H.Aminning óz tuysqandary men senimdi adamdarynan jasaqtalghan kýzet qyzmet atqardy. Olar basqa aughan әskerlerine qaraghanda arnayy forma kiydi: aqbeldik, aq kebura jәne jenderine aq qaptama kiydi. Aminning kýzet brigadasynda barlyghy 2,5 mynday adam boldy. Birneshe ret kenes әskerlerining Aughanstangha keluin súrap ótinish jasaghan Amin búl uaqytta kenes әskerlerining keletinin estip, kónili kýpti bola bastady. Ol sanauly kýnderden keyin osy әskerding ózining kózin joyatynynan mýldem habarsyz edi.

Kenes әskerlerining Aughanstandaghy eng alghashqy soghys qimyly 27 jeltoqsanda Hafizulla Aminning kózin joyatyn jauyngerlik operasiyadan bastaldy. Al búl kýni kenes әskerlerining Aughanstangha engizilgenine jәne óz maqsatyna jetkenine dәn riza bolghan Hafizulla Amiyn, kýndiz ózining sarayynda Sayasy buro mýshelerin, ministrlerin janúyalarymen qosa shaqyryp, týski tamaq berdi. Búghan sebep, birinshiden, jaqtaushylaryna ózining jana reziydensiyasyn kórsetu bolsa, ekinshiden, kenes әskerlerining Aughanstangha kele bastaghanyn aityp lepiru edi. Óitkeni ol әskerin әkelgen Kenes Odaghy basshylarynyng ózin qoldaytynyna senimdi boldy. Biraq kenetten týski tamaq ishu barysynda H.Aminning ózi de, qonaqtary da boylaryn jaman sezindi. Keybireuleri esinen aiyryldy. H.Amin tolyq esin joghaltty. Al búl oqigha kenestik Memlekettik qauipsizdik kenesining (MQK) bastamasymen bolyp jatqan arnayy әskery operasiyanyng is-әreketteri edi. Operasiya jetekshilerining oiy – Hafizulla Amindi tamaghyn ulau arqyly kózin qúrtyp, tez arada Tәji-Bek sarayyn basyp alu degen úigharym bolatyn. Óitkeni Kremli kósemderi H.Aminning kózin joyyp, onyng ornyna ózderining tandauyna týsken Babrak Karmalidy otyrghyzu sheshimin jasap qoyyp edi.

Aughan Qaruly kýshterining Jogharghy sayasy basqarma bastyghy M.Ekbal Vaziry ótinishi boyynsha, Kabulda ornalasqan kenestik dәrigerler toby saraygha shaqyryldy. Búl operasiya qúpiya týrde jýrip jatqandyqtan dәrigerlerge eskertilmegen bolatyn, sondyqtan da olar tapsyrmany oryndaugha kedergi de keltirdi. Kenestik dәrigerler saraygha kelisimen tamaqtyng jappay ulanghanyn anyqtady. Osy uaqytta aughandyq dәriger Veloyat jýgirip kelip, H.Aminning auyr halde jatqanyn aityp, kenestik dәrigerlerding jәrdem kórsetuin ótindi. Al dәrigerler H.Aminning bólmesine kirgende ol es-týssiz jatyr edi. Dәriger polkovnikter V.Kuznechenkov pen A.Alekseev ony juynatyn bólmesine aparyp, su shashty jәne asqazanyn shaydy. Sosyn demalatyn bólmesine әkelip ukol jәne eki qolynyng tamyryna iyneler saldy. Sóitip ony aman alyp qaldy. Birer saghat ótken song ol esin jiyp, búl jaghday nege mening ýiimde boldy, múny kim istedi, kezdeysoq boldy ma, әlde qastandyq pa? – dep alasúrdy. Biraq bәri kesh edi.

Al Tәji-Bek sarayyn basyp alu operasiyasy keshki 19 saghat 30 minutta «Dauyl-333» belgisi boyynsha bastaldy. Saraydy basyp alu operasiyasyna MQK-ning polkovniygi G.I. Boyarinov jetekshilik etti. Oghan: 50 adamnan túratyn MQK-ning ofiyserler toby, kapitan V.A. Vostrotin bastaghan 9-rota desantshylary, 345-jeke jayau desantshylar polkynyng bir vzvody jәne búrynnan dayyndyqta jýrgen mayor Habib Halbaevtyng arnayy maqsattaghy músylmandyq bataliony qarady. Búlardyng bәri aughandyq әskery formada kiyindi.

Shabuyl jalpygha ortaq belgi boyynsha bastaldy. Jauyngerlik qimyl qaranghy kezde bastalghandyqtan kenestik jauyngerlerding qolyna aq shýberek baylandy, al bas kiyimderine aq lenta japsyryldy. Múnyng bәri H.Aminning qarauyldarymen shatasyp qalmau ýshin jasalghan aila-belgi edi.

Saraydy basyp alu soghysy 30-40 minutqa sozyldy. Osy uaqyt ishinde MQK-ning arnayy toby H.Amin ornalasqan bólmege de basyp kirdi. Atys barysy kezinde osy top ofiyserining qolynan H.Amin qaza tapty. Asygha kýtken kenes әskerleri kerisinshe H.Aminning ózining kózin joydy. Aughanstan Demokratiyalyq Respublika basshysynyng óli denesi kilemge oraldy. Negizgi әskery tapsyrma osylaysha oryndaldy. Shabuyl barysynda kenestik jauyngerlerden 11 adam oqqa úshty. Mayor H.Halbaevtyng músylmandyq batalionynan 6 adam, desantshylardan 4 adam jәne osy operasiyagha jetekshilik jasaghan MQK-ning polkovniygi G.I. Boyarinov qaza tapty. 38 adam әrtýrli jaraqat aldy.

«Dauyl-333» soghys operasiyasynyng qúramynda jәne Tәji-Bek sarayyna shabuyl jasaghan arnayy maqsattaghy músylmandyq batalion qúramynda bolghan qazaqstandyq qatardaghy jauynger Rasulimetov Qúrmantay Múratúly da oqqa úshty (Qyzyl Júldyz ordenimen marapattaldy. Shymkentte jerlendi). Áskery tapsyrma men búiryqty oryndau ýshin aiqasqa kirisken K.Rasulimetov otyrghan әskery bronyaly mashina (BTR) kenetten saray kýzetshileri zenbiregining kózine ilikti. Olardyng qolymen kózdey otyryp atylghan zenbirek oghy, әskery bronyaly mashinada ornalasqan K.Rasulimetov pen onyng joldastaryn mәngilikke kóz júmdyrdy. Sóitip qorghanysy myqty Tәji-Bek sarayyna shabuyldau barysynda birneshe jauynger óz boryshyn ólimmen eseptesip, mәngilikke qosh aitysty. Áskery boryshyn óteymin degen órimdey jastar óz jandaryn osylaysha qidy. Kýzeti óte kýshti saray birinshiden, oq ótpeytin dualdarmen qorshalsa, ekinshiden, arnayy oryndargha ornalasqan «Shilka» atty zenittik qondyrghy auzynan aidaharsha ot shashty, ýshinshiden, saray biyiktikte ornalasyp ashyq ainalagha qaray oq jaudyrugha qolayly boldy. Al shabuylgha shyqqan desantshylar toby kózge aiqyn kórinip, olardy jayratu onaygha týsti. Áytse de shabuylgha kóshken MQK-ning qyzmetkerleri men desantshylar toby saraydy aldy. Óitkeni búiryqtyng aty – búiryq edi.

27 jeltoqsanda kenestik jauyngerlerding Tәji-Bek sarayyna shabuyl jasap H.Aminning kózin joyghannan keyin, Aughanstan halqyna B.Karmalidyng ýntaspagha jazylghan ýndeuin Kabul radiostansiyasy jariyalady. Búl ýndeuinde ol: «Bizding myndaghan otandastarymyzdy, bauyrlarymyz ben ini-qaryndastarymyzdy mert etken H.Amin jәne onyng jendetterining zorlyq-zombylyq әreketteri búzyldy» – dep habarlady. 27 jeltoqsan kýni keshke sol uaqyttaghy KSRO MQK-ning tóraghasy Yu.V. Andropov baylanysqa shyghyp, B.Karmalidy ózining jәne L.IY.Brejnevting atynan onyng Aughanstan Revolusiyalyq Kenesining tóraghasy bolyp taghayyndaluymen qúttyqtady.

Osylaysha, Kenes әskeri Aughan eline kirisimen kózi joyylghan Hafizulla Aminning biyligi toqtady. Saqaday say dayyndalghan kenestik әskery operasiya Kabuldaghy jýieni tolyq ózgertti. Kremli kósemderining solaqay sayasaty saldarynan bastalghan búl soghys on jyl otqa oranyp, qanshama bozdaqtardyng janyn jalmady. Búl soghys barysynda 1000-gha juyq qazaqstandyq bozdaqtardyng jany qiylsa, soghystan keyin 5-6 myng qazaqstandyq aramyzdan ketti. Aughan soghysy ayaqtalghanymen, onyng qiyn qasireti tarihta qalyp qoydy.

Bolat Saylan,

әl-Faraby atyndaghy QazÚU-nyn                                                                        professory, tarih ghylymdarynyng doktory, Aughan soghysynyng ardageri

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