ShOQAN - 190

«Dýniyede әdildik pen adaldyqty
tu etken adamnan artyq eshkim joq», -
Shoqan Uәlihanov.

I. Kirispe

Shoqan ózining alghashqy ghylymy enbekterin A.Pushkin men                 M.Lermontovqa eliktep kórkem proza týrinde jazghan. Onyng  «Ystyqkól kýndelikteri» men «Qúlja ólkesi jayly ocherk» atty jazbalaryn eng ýzdik, eng kórkem prozalyq shygharmalar qataryna qonggha bolady. Shoqannyng bayandau, suretteu mәneri Lermontovtyng Kavkaz ocherkterimen úshtasyp jatyr. Ásirese Shoqannyng jergilikti halyqtyng tarihyn, mәdeniyetin, túrmysyn baghzy zamanmen baylanystyra otyryp sheber әri biliktilikpen zerttey jazuy tang qaldyrady. Al,  tabighat kórinisterin naghyz oishyl, filosof dәrejesinde suretteui oqyrmangha erekshe әser etetini sózsiz.

Shoqannyng tumysynan zerek, jastayynan sózge sheshen, úshqyr oily adam bolghany belgili. Onyng әdiletsizdikke jany qas bolghany sonsha, ozbyr, dóreki adamdardy mysqyldap, synap tastaytyny turaly zamandastary jazyp ketken. Mysaly, ataqty orys ghalymy, etnograf, arheolog N.Yadrinsev «Shoqannyng qysynqylau kózderi aqyl-oygha túnyp, jarqyrap túratyn, jinishke erinderinen mysqylgha toly kýlki ketpeytin. Ángimeleri ylghy da útqyrlyqpen erekshelenetin, ol óte bayqampaz әri mysqylshyl edi. Onyng mysqyly Geynelik yumor men satiralyq sipatta edi», - dep jazghan bolatyn (Sh.Sh.Uәlihanov. Kóp tomdyq shygharmalar jinaghy. I tom/ 2 basylym – Almaty: «Tolaghay grupp», 2010. 376 bet. 82 bette).

Reti kelgen jerde Shoqan әzildesudi, qaljyndasudy da jaqsy kórgen. Ol kez kelgen ortada osy minezimen erekshelendi. Oiyn ashyq, býkpesiz jetkizu ýshin Shoqan kóptegen suretteri men shygharmalarynda әzil-syqaq janryn keninen qoldandy. Endi solardyng birqataryna nazar audarayyq.

II. Negizgi bólim

Sh.Sh. Uәlihanov. Avtoportret. 1859.

Shoqannyng búl әigili avtoportretine qazaqtyng halyq jazushysy, akademik Gh.Mýsirepov 1985 jyly mynaday bagha bergen: «Qanshama armany, bilimi, oiy bar adam. Boykýiezdik, toqmeyildilik degendi bilmegen azamat. Jasaghanyna, atqaryp ýlgirgenine riza bolmay, ózine syn taghyp, min artyp: «Ne bitirdin. Shoqan?» - dep tolghanyp jatyr-au. Shoqan surette óz beynesin ghana emes, óz tirshiligining ishki mәn-maghynasyn shynayy jetkize alghan. Búl - az jasap, kóp tyndyrghan Shoqannyng keleshekke osylaysha tym bolmasa bir sәtteme uaqyt alansyz jatar kýn tuar ma eken degen qiyaly tәrizdi. Múnda uytty astar da bar ma deymin...». (Múhtarúly Seysen. Shoqan jәne Óner. Týsiniktemege negizdelgen illustrasiyaly ghylymiy-publisistikalyq kitap. Almaty: Óner, 1985 – 310 bet. 173 bette).

Sh.Sh. Uәlihanov. Kogalday men Tugholday. «1856 jyly Qúljada Qytay ýkimeti ókilderin qabyldau».

Búl kartinagha Shoqan «Qytay imperiyasynyng batys ólkesi jәne Qúlja qalasy» atty enbeginde qyzghylyqty týsinikteme keltiredi. Onyng uytty tili qytay shendilerining «elden erek» bitim-bolmysyn tipti suretti kórmegen kez kelgen adamnyng kóz aldyna elestete otyryp, mysqylmen jetkizedi:

«Tude-jeni nemese jay ghana tugholday dep atalatyn birinshi sauda pristavy, onyng jәrdemshisi kogalday, әskerdi azyq-týlikpen jabdyqtau jaghyn basqaratyn shtabs-ofiyser, izgi tәrtip saqshysy, bәri alty adam faktoriyagha ózderining kabrioletterine minip keldi. Sóitip soqyr tugholday bir-eki myrzanyng demeuimen arbasynan týsti de, konsulgha jaqynday berip, qytaydyng baysaldylyq rәsimi boyynsha tisterin aqsityp, bet auzyn qisaytyp, tyrjita qoydy: búl onyng jýzine jyly shyray berip, yqylas bildirgen týri edi. Tugholdaydyng ózi bir dәu kózildirik kiyse de, syqsighan kózi shala kóretin, qarshygha túmsyq, aryq shal eken. Sәl qisyqtau jaralghan auyzynyn  ýstingi erni qúddy bir ýsh búrysh tәrizdi eki sheti eki ezuine tirele tómen týsip, orta deni joghary qaray kóterilip, shoshayyp túr. Sol ernining ýstinde qyltiyp, birneshe tal múrty kórinedi, sýiirleu kelgen kәuik iyegin taqyrlap qyryp qoyypty. Biri kók, biri qonyr kishkentay tisteri jarysa qúbylyp, aqsiyp túr. Jasyna qaraghanda ózi óte shiraq, tym sózuar jan eken. Ýstine jibek shapan kiyip, belbeumen buynyp, oghan shylym salatyn dorbasy men jelpuishin ilip alypty» (Múhtarúly Seysen. Shoqan jәne Óner. Týsiniktemege negizdelgen illustrasiyaly ghylymiy-publisistikalyq kitap. Almaty: Óner, 1985 – 310 bet. 176 bette).

Sh.Sh. Uәlihanov. Baldan keyin. Kezekshi ofiyserlerding karikaturalyq beyneleri. 1855.

Shoqannyng jaqyn dosy G.Potanin «Sh.Uәlihanov mansapqor, úsaq jandardyng beyshara tirligin tez bayqaytyn jәne olardy mysqyldaghandy jaqsy kóretin. Kóniline únamaghan adamdardy ol týrkilerge tәn qataldyqpen qatty keketetin, sondyqtan Ombyda onyng jaulary az bolmady», - dep atap ótken minezi «Baldan keyin» atty karikatularynda anyq bilinedi.

(Sh.Sh.Uәlihanov. Kóp tomdyq shygharmalar jinaghy. I tom/ 2 basylym – Almaty: «Tolaghay grupp», 2010. 376 bet. 79 bette).

Sh.Sh. Uәlihanov. G.Potaniyn. 1864.

Shoqan ózining jaqyn dosy G.Potaninning birneshe suretin salghan. Myna keskinde Potaninning múrty men shashy ósip ketken úsqynyn dәl beyneley otyryp, dostyq әzil-sharj týrinde jetkizgen.

Mine, qúrmetti oqyrman, osy birneshe suretterding ózinen-aq Shoqannyng әzil-syqaq janryn keremet mengergen, suretkerlik dengeyi asa joghary daryn iyesi bolghanyn bayqaugha bolady.

Sonymen qatar, Shoqan әzil-syqaqty jazushy-prozaik retinde keninen qoldandy. Múnyng dәlelin Shoqannyng hattarynan, maqalalarynan, jәne ghylymy enbekterinen de tabasyz.

Biz osy shaghyn maqalamyzgha mysal retinde Shoqannyng 1856 jyly jazghan  «Ystyqkól saparynyng kýndeligi» atty eng әigili enbekterining birin ghana aludy jón kórdik. Onyng mәtininen Shoqannyng әzil-syqaqtardy qoldana otyryp bayandaghan jerlerin bólek ala otyryp, keltiremiz.

- 4-shi nómirge jetpey, 10 shaqyrymday jerde qazaqtar jyrynda aitylatyn әigili Qozy Kórpeshting molasy túr. Biz poemany jaqsy zerttegenbiz, sondyqtan olardyng molasyn kórgimiz keldi. №2 beketten shyqqan uaqyt boyynsha Qyzylqiya beketinen týnde ótuimiz kerek bolatyn. Biraq, biz tanerteng sonda túryp, mazar manynda shay ishkimiz keldi: jolda shay ishken jaqsy, әsirese, eski qirandylar men molalarda. Ótken turaly oilaysyn, býgingindi ayalaysyn. Osy maqsatpen jәmshikke tek tanerten, kýn kóterilgen kezde, boztorghay alghashqy әnin shyrqap, týn perdesi týrilgende, týngi búlttar soltýstikke auyp, batystan tanghy qyzghylt kýn kóterilgende, jaryq aghashtardyng bútaghyna týsip, su keremet tamasha týske engen kezde, osynday poetikalyq sәtte molanyng basynda boludy tapsyrdyq.

Adam jobalaydy, biraq Qúday sheshedi. Týni boyy janbyrdyng iri tamshylary jenil arbanyng shatyryn úrghylap túrdy. Sharshaghan attar, batpaqta ayaqtaryn әzer basyp jýrip keledi. Tek shybyqtyng shartyldaghan dauysy men sharshaghan attardyng pysqyrynuy, delbeshining aighayy ghana janbyrdyng birsaryndy dybysyn búzyp túrdy.

Nashar týn boldy, sondyqtan jýru de qiyndady. Janbyr oilaghan josparymyzdy búzbasyn degen kýdik, alandaumen jәmshikke birneshe ret: «qalay, aspan ashylmady ma?» dep saual tastadym. Suyq sýiegine deyin ótken delbeshi «Joq!» dep kýnkildey jauap berdi de, taghdyrgha nazalanghanday «Ne bop ketti, brr...» dep tizesine jinalghan sudy tókti. Mening oghan janym ashydy, tezirek jýrsek, ol bayaghyda jyly peshke qyzdyrynyp otyrar edi. Bayan súludyng esteligin kórmey ketu de obal.

Osylaysha biz bir saghat jýrdik.

- Mәrtebenizge qúldyq, - dedi jәmshik, - mine mola!

Men basymdy shyghardym. Kýnning kózi týnergen búlttardan shyghyp keledi, aspandy súr búlt basqan, búrynghysynsha janbyr jauyp túr, kóbiktengen attar batpaqty sortang jermen әzer jýrip keledi, ózenning sol jaghynda tobylghylardyng arasynan molanyng ýshkir basy kórindi: ol qyzyl kirpishten qalanghan bolyp kórindi. Múnday aua rayynda shay iship, qazaqtardyng eskertkishin tamashalau turaly oilaudyng ózi artyq edi.

- Shamasy, ózen de arnasynan shyghayyn dep túr, joghary mәrtebelim, - dedi jәmshik mening oiymdy oqyp qoyghanday.

- Olay bolsa, jýre ber, qaytar jolda qararmyz, - dedim men, sosyn tongha oranyp, úiyqtap alayyn dep kózimdi júmdym.

- Jolda jylqylardyng ýiiri men qoydyng otary kezdesti, alystan qazaq ýiler qylandady. Bizdi kórgen qazaqtar alysyraq ketuge tyrysty, biz súltannyng qonysy qayda ekenin súrayyq dep malshyny toqtatqanda, auyldaghy әielder shu kóterdi. Auyl shulap ketti. Áyelder bir ýiden ekinshisine jýgirip, bireuding atyn atap shaqyrdy, shamasy biydi bolsa kerek.

- Olar mening qoyymdy alyp ketti, - dedi bir ashy dauysty әiel, shamasy, ózi solay boljasa kerek, - mening kezegim emes qoy, - dep shynghyrdy ol.

Biz әri qaray kettik, auyl tynyshtala bastady. Tek janaghy әielding ashy dauysy ghana bizge jetip túrdy, kýmәn joq, qoyyn orystardan saqtap qalghany ýshin ol Allagha alghys jaudyryp jatyr...

Qyrghyz jerinde: - Baqaly - baqanyng kóp jeri degen maghyna beredi. Sarybaghash ruynan shyqqan bir qyrghyz meni manap Ýmbetәli sol jerde qystaghanda, bir bastauda qys boyy baqalar baqyldaghan dep sendirdi. Onyng aituynsha, baqalardyng terisi appaq, al ýlkendigi júdyryqtay bolypty. Qazaqtar da osylay deydi.

- 26 mamyr kýni mening qasymda qyrghyz jyrshysy boldy. Ol Manas poemasyn biledi eken. Poemanyng tili, auyzeki tilge qaraghanda, týsinuge әldeqayda jenil. Poema qaharmany Manas - noghaydan әiel jinaudyng qaytpas qaysar batyry. Onyng barlyq ómiri soghys pen súlulardy izdeuden túrady. Tek onyng minezi shyghysqa tәn emes - ol ózining әkesin jii balaghattaydy, malyn quyp әketedi, onymen dóreki sóilesedi. Búl jaghy týsiniksiz. Barlyq kóshpendi halyqtar qarttyqty qúrmetteydi, aqsaqaldar erekshe syy qúrmetke iye.

Qazaqtar arasynda: - Múnda kýndiz óte ystyq, al týnde óte suyq. Kólding alqabynan aptap ystyq ketpeydi desedi. Qazaqtardyng aituynsha, olar ýnemi «janbyr shaqyrugha» mәjbýr. Olardyng arasynda dúgha oqyp, janbyr shaqyratyn siqyrshylar bar, olardy «jayshy» dep ataydy. Búl senim kóne týrkilik, shyghystyq tarihshylar janbyr jaughyzatyn jud tas turaly aitady, ol qasiyet týrkilerding atasy Yafeske onyng úrpaqtaryna degen erekshe yqylasyn bildiru ýshin qúday bergen deydi.

Qyrghyzdar arasynda: - 1 mamyrda men Qazybekpen birge Boranbay auylyna attandym. Auyldyng qojayyny jas jigit aldymyzdan shyghyp, ózin Boranbaydyng balasy, aty Qylysh ekenin aitty. Qylyshtyng shatyry bar eken, biz sonda ornalastyq. Qúrmetti qonaq retinde bizge qúmangha túz salyp qaynatylghan shay әkeldi, shay qalmaqtardyng zaturanyna úqsaydy. Artynan qymyz berdi. Býkil auyldyng kishkentay balalary bizding asymyzdan keyin qalatyn qoydyng sýiegin mýju ýshin jinaldy. Olardyng oiy bolmady, men qojayyndy onday әureshilikten qútqardym, tipti týski as iship otyratyn kez emes edi. Ayta ketu kerek, әielder bizden qorqyp kiyiz ýiden mýldem shyqpady, tek attanar aldynda ala búhar shapanyn kiygen jas kelinshek pen aq kóilek pen ýkili qyzyl taqiya kiygen jas qyz shyqty. Biraq, olar da tyghylyp qaldy. Búndaghylardyng aituynsha, (barlyq dala adamdary siyaqty olardyng kózderi ótkir jәne kóregen), kelinshek birshama óndi eken, biraq jýdeu, al qyz naghyz súlu dedi olar, әriyne olardyng talghamy boyynsha. Qazaqtardyng týsiniginde әiel súlulyghy degenimiz denesining tolyqtyghy, betining tolghan aiday dóngelenip, eki betining úshy qyzaryp túru kerek, ony aqyndar qargha tamghan qangha teneydi.

- Ary qaray jýrdik: jolda auyldar jii kezdesti, biraq qybyrlaghan tiri jan bolmady, barlyghy: «Orys, orys!» dep shoshyna aighaylap, kiyiz ýilerine tyghyldy. Kýdikti seyiltip, nәzik jandylardyng qyzyghushylyghyn tughyzu ýshin men qasymdaghy qazaqtargha qazaqsha әn saludy tapsyryp, ózim salsha kiyinip aldym. Búl әreket tolyq nәtiyje berdi, әielderding barlyghy kiyiz ýiden shyqty, tipti bir әiel músylmandar retinde bizge arnap joqtau jyryn aitty.

Biz toqtap túryp qyrghyz әielding elegiyasyn (joqtau) tyndadyq. Sózderin anyq ajyrata almadyq, tek «oh!», «qoqiy!» degen dauysy aiqyn estilip túrdy. Búryn búl ordada bolghan bir qazaq sol kezde estigen óleng joldaryn keltirdi, soghan qarap biz mәtinin shamaladyq. Joqtaudyng jalpy sipaty - «maghan endi ne bolady», dep, marqúmnan «endi mening kýndelikti qajetimdi kim óteydi» dep súrau, «etikti kim tigedi, tary botqany kimmen bólisip jeymin» degendey qúdaygha zar qylu...

Bizdi qorshaghan qyrghyzdarmen әngimelese bastadyq. Mening qazaq súltany jәne han túqymy ekenimdi bilgen son, olar senimmen qaray bastady, al egde әielder mening jýdeu deneme, qan sólsiz betime ayanyshpen qarady, ishterinen shamasy, bayghús, anasyn saghynghan bolar dep oilasa kerek, men siyaqty jas balany ay dalada kim әlpeshtep, biytin kim syghyp beredi dep ayasa kerek. Olardyng songhy anghyrt sózderi mening kýlkimdi keltirdi. «Ne degen meyirimdi, qarapayym adamdar!» - dep oiladym men. Bir kempir maghan tostaghan toly qymyz әkep berdi. Onyng kózqarasy men sózderinde shynayy janashyrlyq pen ayaushylyq túnyp túrghandyqtan, ony razy etu ýshin, tostaghandy bir aq simirdim.

Kelesi auylda bizdi kýtip otyrdy. Birneshe er adam meni «aldiyar» dep súltansha qarsy alyp, meni alghashqyda óte tanqaldyrghan ótinish bildirdi.

- Bizde bir beyshara ayash bar, - dedi olar, - ony jyndar bughan, biz aqsýiek adam onyng jynyn quyp jibere alady dep estigen edik.

- Olardy men qalay quamyn? - dep súradym men.

- Óte onay, - dedi qyrghyzdar, - qamshymen ayamay úru kerek, sonda býkil jyndar ketedi.

Múnyng bәri sandyraq, eshqanday jyndar joq, ol nauqas, ony úryp emdeu qajet emes, oghan tynyshtyq kerek ekenin qansha aitqanymen, onyng bәri beker boldy. Qyrghyzdar riza bolmay, bir soqqymen jyndardy quugha shamasy keledi, biraq ony istegisi kelmeytin qatygez adamday qarap ketti. Amal joq. Men olargha ózimning bauyrym súltan dep tanystyryp, bir qazaqty úsyndym. Ol batyr ónin ózgertip, qamshysyn tóbege kóterip, auylgha qaray tartyp ketti. Birneshe әiel beysharany ústap túrdy. Qazaq oghan aighaylay tap berip, ózining isine kirisip ketti. Bayghús shyryldap, zorgha qútylyp, ýige qaray jýgire jóneldi. Ony qaytadan ústap aldy. «Úr, úr» dep sheshesi aighaylady, «úr» dep qalyng top artynan qaytalady. Men shyday almay, bayghús ayashqa jaqyndap kelip, qazaqqa "emdeudi" toqtatudy búiryq ettim. Nauqastyng tuystary mening aralasuyma riza bolmady. Barlyghy maghan yzaly kóz tastady. Tek aqylynan adasqan ghana meni qútqarushysy dep, әrtýrli jyly sózder aityp, moynyma asyla ketti.

Barlyghy tynyshtalghannan keyin, men nauqasty qaray bastadym. Onyng jasy 15-ten aspaghan siyaqty, biraq arqasyndaghy qos búrym shashy onyng kýieuge shyqqanyn kórsetip túrdy. Ol óte, óte kórikti eken. Ýlken qara kózderi bireudi izdegendey bolyp jan jaqqa alaqtaydy. Óni bop-boz, ózi jýdeu. Soghan qaramastan, óte әdemi. Ýstinde ishkóilek pen jyrtyq shapannan basqa kóilek bolghan joq. Men onymen sóilesuge tyrysyp edim, mening súraqtaryma ýzip ýzip, tek «Jambek», «Shong әke», «Qarajan» jәne t. b. esimderdi atady. Sodan song bir jas qyrghyzdy kórsetip: «Mening ainam... ol syndyrdy... jaghamdy jyrtty» dep, eshkim kórip qoymasyn degendey ózining jaulyghyn tyghyp qoydy. Súrastyra kele, janaghy aitylghan esimder onyng tuystary ekenin bildim. Onyng túrmysqa shyqqanyna bir jyl bolypty, kýieui jana sausaghymen kórsetken jas qyrghyz jigit. Bәri týsinikti boldy. Kýieui ony úryp, ainasyn syndyryp, kóilegin jyrtqan. Áke-sheshesining ýiinde jalghyz qyz bolghan, demek, әkesining erkesi, degenining bәri bolghan. Kýieuining qatygezdiginen, qataldyghynan búrynghy bostandyghyn ansap, esinen aiyrylghan. Onyng ylghy adamdardyng atyn atap, bireudi izdegeni sol eken.

Jas aru men onyng tughan-tuystaryn onyng sauyqqanyna sendirip, eger әieli auyrmasyn dese, kóilegin jyrtyp, ainasyn syndyrmaudy kýieuine tapsyryp, ary qaray jýrip kettik.

- Biraz uaqyttan keyin Boranbaydyng ózi keldi, әdettegi aman saulyq súrasudan keyin sarybaghyshtar turaly әngime bastaldy - kimning qay jeri auyrsa, sony aitady degendey.

Men kirgende ýide birneshe qyrghyz otyrdy. «Udakob» , - dep aighaylady qojayyn, otyrghandar ornynan atyp túrdy. Men kiyiz ýiding tórine jayghastym. Madam, tisteri úzyn (ol qansha tyrysqanymen erni ony jasyra almady) ala shapan kiygen egde әiel kilemning ornyna tóselgen qoy terisining ýstinde otyrdy. Qoldary kir-kir jәne qolynda qalghan úsaq jýnder hanymnyng biz kelerding aldynda arqan iyirgenin bayqatty. Men onyng hal-jaghdayyn súrap, mal basynyng amandyghyn týgendedim, múnyng barlyghyna ol basyn shúlghyp jauap berdi, basyn shúlghyghan sayyn, úzyn tisteri qatarlasa kórinip túrdy. Qúrmetti ayashtyng erkine kónbey tisteri anyq bayqalyp túrdy, ony jasyru ýshin ol shapanynyng jenin qayta-qayta auzyna apardy. Mening saualdarym ynghaysyzdyq tudyratynyn bayqap, ayashty jayyna qaldyrdym da, kiyiz ýiding ishin qaray bastadym. Kiyiz ýiding ishinde bizding qazaqtardaghyday ne tósek, ne sandyq, ne kilem joq, bir sózben aitqanda, ýiilgen kiyizden basqa eshtene kózge shalynbady. Esikting ong jaghynda shiyden toqylghan qalqa túr. Qabyrghanyng manynda qazaq súltandaryndaghyday kilemmen kómkerilgen qaz-qatar túrghyzylghan sandyqtar da joq. Onyng ornyna ýiilgen kiyiz qoyylypty. Qytay matasymen qaptalghan birneshe jastyq әdeyi kórsetuge arnalghanday kiyizding ýstine tasalypty. Mening astymda bir ghana kilem boldy, degenmen óte jaqsy toqylghan. Kiyiz ýiding ishinde ot janyp, oshaqta su toltyrylghan eki qúman túrdy. Sol arada qojayyn әiel búzau terisinen jasalghan sómkesinen eki qytay kesesin alyp, qymyz qúidy. Qyzmetshi qyrghyz susyndy alyp, ózi ishti de, bir tostaghanyn maghan, kelesisin Boranbaygha әperdi. Bizding Úly jýzding bir qazaghy nasybayyn aldy. Nasybaydy kórgen qojayyn әiel tisterin aqsityp, ýndemesten aitpay qolyn sozdy. Bizding qazaq oghan óte sypayy týrde shaqshasyn sozyp, alaqanyna nasybaydy ýiip berdi.

Ózime tigilgen ýige kelgen song men attardy ertteuge búiryq ettim, qyrghyzdardy kórsem degen maqsatym oryndaldy.

Boranbay biz attanar kezde óte sypayy boldy. Men odan rulary turaly, manaptar turaly súradym, sosyn ol múnyng bәri aq patshanyng búiryghymen olargha syilyq beru ýshin jasalyp otyr dep úighardy. Solay dep oilap qalghan qúrmetti manap maghan keterde qonaqty bos qaytaru - jaman yrym degendi aityp, at mingizip, jibek búl berdi. Men ony syilyqsyz-aq qúrmetke ie boldym, onyng qonaqjaylylyghyn eshqashanda úmytpaymyn, әrqashan jýregimde saqtaymyn dep sendirdim.

Men Boranbaydyng ýiinen óte jaqsy әsermen attandym. Búl әserding jalghasa beruine jolda kezdesken auyl adamdarynyng kórsetken yqylasy da sebepker boldy, әsirese, әielder óte peyildi boldy. Ár nәrsening erejege baghynbaytyn birdemesi bolady degen sóz - naghyz shyndyq. Men qyrghyz әielderi turaly aitqanmyn, sonyng arasynda bir jaghday boldy. Qyrghyz arularynyng súlulyghyna tәnti bolghan men kiyiz ýiding tóbesinen inderunge syghalap qaraghanym bar, odan búryn sol jerden bizge mening oiymsha óte kórkem ayashtyng qara kózderi qaraytyn.

Men qatelespeppin. Kiyiz ýide rasynda da әdemi eki jas qyz otyrdy, biraq olardyng bireui, mening soryma qaray, tandanarymdy, әlde quanarymdy bilmedim, aiday súlu qyz eken. Somme de raison, ústalyp qalghan aru óte ynghaysyzdanyp qaldy, biraq sonsha qatty emes. Alghashqy ynghaysyzdyqty jengennen keyin onyng meni balaghattay bastaghany, tipti úyat sózdermen balaghattaghany qyzyq boldy... «Tas jútqyr», «kózing qylilanghyr», «basyna bәle jausyn» degen song ol meni «manqa qazaq» dep tildedi. Bir jaghynan, ókinishti boldy, ekinshiden, quandym, sebebi әp-sәtte balaghat sózder qoryn jinap aldym, biraq sol jaman sózderdi tamasha qyrghyz súluy aitqany úyat boldy. Osynshama «qoshamet» sóz estigennen keyin ary qaray qaludyng mәni bolmaghany aitpasa da týsinikti. Ary qaray jýrip kettik. Doly әielding auyr әseri kelesi auylda úmytylyp ketti. Auylda mening qazaq súltany ekenimdi bilip alypty. Bir qúrmetti hanymnyng qyzy nayman ruynan shyqqan qazaq súltanyna túrmysqa shyqqan eken. Búl jerde barlyq súltandardy bir rudan dep sanaytyndyqtan, olar bizdi shydamsyzdana kýtip, balalarynyng jaghdayyn bilmek eken. Men sol súltannyng tanysymyn dep qana qoymay, tuysqanymyn dep tanysqanym dúrys bolar dep taptym, sondyqtan olardyng barlyq saualdaryna jaghymdy jauap berip, qyzdary súltannyng sýiikti hanshayymy dep sendirdim. Osynday beykýnә әri kónil júbatarlyq ótirik aita otyryp, men osy halyqpen jaqyndasayyn, olardyng tuystyq mahabbatyna bóleneyin degen niyette boldym. Mening keybir qiyn saualdargha bergen jauabym, súltan hanshayymnyng esimi kim, qansha balasy bar degen siyaqty súraqtargha bergen jauabymnyng olarda bar mәlimetterge say kelgeni sonshalyq, ózimning suayttyq qabiletime ózim tanghaldym. Bastapqyda olardan barlyq mәlimetti alyp, artynan soghan oraylastyryp jauap bergenim belgili ghoy. Qalay bolghanda da biz otyrghan kiyiz ýige qyrghyzdardyng kәri-jas әielderi jinalyp, aramyzda әngime órby bastady. Biz jas ayashtarmen qaljyndastyq, al olardyng qaljynynan ótkirlik pen batyldyq bayqaldy. Jalpy, qyrghyz әielderining jaqsy qasiyetteri kóp, olarmen birneshe kýn birge bolyp, jaqsy bilip alsa bolady. Qyrghyz әielderining shekten tys tәkapparlyghy turaly sózderding barlyghy tym әsirelengen: jalpy biz tanysqan ýsh ayash óte aqkónil eken, aqkónildiligi sonshalyq, olardyng kónilin qaytaru kýnә bolar edi. Men Boranbaydyng auylynda әdeyi ashynalyq jasayyn dep (qazaqtardyng әdeti boyynsha) bireu arqyly әreket jasap edim, onyma kóngen jauap aldym. Ony paydalanugha maghan uaqyt jetpedi.

Ayashtardyng yqylasy auyldan shyqqannan keyin bizding tili ótkir qazaqtardyng arasynda kóptegen kýldirgi әngimeler tughyzdy. Bireu qyrghyz qyzy óz erkimen belgilengen rendes vous kezinde qanshalyqty úyang bolatynyn aitty. Sizding barlyq erkeletu men nazynyzgha ol qanaghatsyzdyq kónilmen  jauap beredi.

- Sayahatshy bolghandyqtan, men qyzyqty sayahat oqighasyn izdedim. Búryn jýrip ótken joldarmen Satynyng Qúrmetige qúyatyn túsyna deyin eshbir qyzyqty oqigha bolghan joq, tek Kýdergide jylan óltirip, Qúrmetide qaban qudyq.

- Bizding aldymyzda jaughan qardyng kesirinen jol jabylyp qalypty, sondyqtan biz tәuekel etip, taudyng tik betkeyimen jýrdik. Jer tayghaq, attarymyz syrghanaqtap, túyaqtarymen tas úshyrdy. Tastar tómen jyqpyldardan óte domalap, kózge kórinbey ketti. Kazaktar jayau jýruge tiyis boldy, al qazaqtar at ýstinde miz baqpastan, ýzengisin tebinip qoyyp, ynyldap keledi.

Attar birneshe ret syrghanaqtap, qúlady... Mine, mine qúlady, domalady degen sәtter kóp boldy, biraq Allanyng kómegimen qúlamay, ary qaray sapar shektik.

- Biz eng qiyn sýrleuge jaqyndadyq, ol biyiktigi 40 sajyn qúlama jardyng erneuimen jýredi. Qorqynyshty jerge jetpey jatyp mende kýtpegen jaghday boldy. Jolda dauyl qúlatqan dәu shyrsha aghashy jatty. Men atty tebindim. Atym tik túryp shapshydy, biraq túyaghymen aghashqa sýrinip, qúlap qaldy. Men úshyp ketip, ornymnan túrdym. Tepe-tendigin joghaltqan atym jardan tómen domalap ketti, men tek guildegen dauysyn estip, tastar arasyndaghy atymnyng basy men er toqymyn ózennen kórdim. Baqytyna qaray, jar jaydaq boldy, 30 sajynday domalaghan at aman qaldy. Jaman aitpay, jaqsy joq degen, sonyng arqasynda men qazaqtardyng arasynda batyr әri epti bolyp kórindim. Solaysha iyrelendegen sýrleumen jýrip, biz әigili jargha da jettik. Qazaqtardyng sendiruimen jәne aqylgha salyp saralaghan son, biz attan týsip, jayau jýrdik. Búl jer - ýlken granitti qúz, onyng qalqasy ózenge týsip túr. Sýrleu tura jardyng jiyeginde, sol jaqtan basqa qúz kóteriledi. Múnday qiyndyghyna qaramastan, Saty - eng jaqsy asu. Ateke alghash ret ótkeli beri búl jerde birde-bir baqytsyz oqigha bolmaghan. Ateke ótken kezde bir bala atymen jardan qúlaghan deydi, úshyp bara jatqan kezde kóilegi shyrshagha ilinip qalyp, sol túrghan jerinen arqanmen aman-esen tartyp alypty. Esesine kóptegen týieler men qazyna mýlik Satynyng túnghiyghynda qalghan.

- Ary qaray jol qauipsiz boldy da, biz qauip-qaterden qútylyp, 80 shaqyrymday jýristen son, búryn sondy bolmaghan tәbetpen shay iship, eshqashan úmytylmaytyn tәtti úiqymen úiyqtadyq.

- Biz jýrgen barlyq jerge, tau etegine deyin auyldar qonghan. Dulattar men shapyrashtylar qyrghyzdar siyaqty bizdi kórgen bette taugha qashty, shamasy, kazaktar olargha kezinde «jaqsy» sabaq berse kerek.

- Ile boyy ósimdikke óte jútan, tónirekting bәri qúm. Ebelek, jusan, qyzylsha, shi, quray, oshaghan ósedi. Ilening suy lay, jaghymsyz. Qytaylyqtardyng nanymy boyynsha Ilening suy ziyandy, odan adam jýdeydi-mys. Esesine Dorjy ózenining (qazaqtar Shoshqaly dep ataydy) suy emdik qasiyetke ie sanalyp, Qúlja qalasynyng sheneunik qytaylary sol sudan ishedi.

- Arasanda týnedik. Búl kýni bizge Jetisuda ataghy shyqqan batyr әri barymtashy Tәneke keldi. Ózining suyq jýris, suyt joryqtaryna qaramastan, Tәneke Mataydyng Qaptaghay ruy arasynda ýlken yqpalgha ie jәne bolys bolghan. Ol orta jastaghy, óte myghym kisi. Bir qyzyghy, ol jiyren, saqaly úzyn jәne múrny óte ýlken. Sonymen qosa kishkentay jәne oinaqy kózderi onyng siqyn óte jaghymsyz etip kórsetedi. Ol bizben birge jýrgisi keldi, biraq mas bolghany sonshalyq, tóbesinen qúighan tórt shelek su esh әser etpedi. Mening bayqaghanym, Tәnekening býkil denesin Buffonnyng alghashqy qauymdyq adamy siyaqty týk japqan. Onyng joldasy súltan Qúdaymende ózining orynsyz qylyqtarymen bizdi әbden jalyqtyrdy. Ol mәdeniyetti bolyp kóringisi kelip, aqymaq pikirlerin tyqpalap bitti. Jýikene tiyetin myrza, qit etse araq súraydy.

- 30 shaqyrym jýrip Aqsudan astyq, týnde Basqangha jettik. Raqymdy Alla ózining qúldaryn as-susyz jatqyzbady: týnde taudan auyl týsip, bizge tap keldi. Olar osynda týneudi josparlap kelgenimen, orystardy kórip, ýdere jóneldi. Songhy auyl qolgha týsip qaldy. Olardyng batyry men әielderin aldamaq bolghan barlyq әreketimiz beker boldy - qorqyp qalghandary sonshalyq, arty ne bolaryn oilap, syilyqtarymyzdy almady.

Bizding esimizdi jinaugha múrsa berip, olar bizden 3 shaqyrymday qashyqtyqqa qondy. Bizge ýy tigip, ózderine eriksiz kórshi etken son, olar óte mazasyzdanyp, aiqaylasyp, qyzdardyng bәrin aldygha salyp jóneltti, al ketip ýlgermegenderi jyrtyq shapan kiyip, siyqsyz bolyp kórinu ýshin betterine balshyq jaghyp aldy. Beyshara kóshpendilerdi kazaktar men sot biyleri sonshalyq qorqytyp tastaghan.

Qazir egin oraghy uaqtysy. Barlyq auyldar sol ýshin egis salghan jazyqqa týsedi, eginin oryp alghan son, tamyzdyng sonynda Balqashqa, qúmdy qystaugha ketedi. Týni boyy janymyzdan kósh ótip shyqty. Tanerteng túrghanda, jasanyp kiyingen әielder mingen týieler tizbegi әli ótip jatty. Erkekter kóshting janynda qoy nemese týie aidap jýrdi. Kóshting týrinen-aq kórinip túrghanday, olar arghyndardan anaghúrlym kedey. Kiyiz ýilerding birazy ógizderge artylyp, dala amazonkalary osy «túlparlargha» otyrdy. Olardyng barlyghy jyrtyq shapan, etik, t. b. kiyipti. Men jogharyda aitqan týieler kóshining iyesi súltan eken, ol orys sheneunigining osynda ekenin estip, aldyna keludi jón sanapty. Qúr qol bolmas ýshin (ondaydy sheneunikter únatpaydy) qymyz alyp kelipti.  Súltan ózining kim ekenin aitty, qúr qol keludi ynghaysyz sanaghanyn, kiygizer shapan jýkte ketkenin, mingizer aty janynda joq ekenin aityp, qymyz ghana әkele alghanyn týsindirip, keshirim súrady.

Úzaq әri beybit әngimeden keyin súltan bizding jay sheneunik ekenimizdi bayqaghan son, osyghan deyin tegin soymaq bolghan qoyyn ýsh ese baghasyna satty. Bizben jýrgen kazaktar kóz qiyghymen qarap, ózara kýlisip otyrdy, mysqylshyl bireui kapralgha: «Momyn Mikolany búzau jalaydy» (Juas týie jýndeuge jaqsy) degendi aitty.

III. Qorytyndy

2025 jyly Úly ghalym, gumanist, aghartushy Sh.Uәlihanovtyng tughanyna 190 jyl tolady. Shoqan Uәlihanovtyng artynda qaldyrghan әdeby múrasy óte bay jәne әr aluan. Ony eng tynghylyqty zerttegen akademik Á.Maghúlan bylay dep atap ótken: «Jýz jyldar boyy Sh.Uәlihanovtyng әdeby múralarynyng zerttelmey keluining saldarynan qazaq әdebiyetining búl asyl shygharmalary kýni býginge deyin bizge mәlim bolmay keldi. Endi býginde osylardyng bәri belgili bop otyrghanda, Uәlihanovty tek oishyl-ghalym ghana emes, qazaqtyng túnghysh jazushy-prozaiygi dep moyyndau mәselesi kýn tәrtibine qoyylyp otyr». (Marghúlan  Á.H. Shygharmalary. Qúrast. D.Á. Marghúlan, D.A.Marghúlan – Almaty: «Almaty-Bolashaq» baspasy, 2011. 107-shi bet).

Dýniyejýzilik ghylym әlemine tanghajayyp qúbylys bolyp tanylghan Sh.Sh. Uәlihanov kemengerligi onyng jazbalarynyng әzil-syqaqtarmen sheber órnekteluinen dep bilemiz.

Biz osy shaghyn maqalamyz arqyly qalyng oqyrmangha Sh.Uәlihanov prozaik retinde qazaqtyng quatty da quaqy tilin, jarasymdy әzil-qaljynyn, syn men mysqylyn oryndy qoldanghan degen tújyrymdy jetkizudi maqsat túttyq.

Osyghan baylanysty, QR Mәdeniyet jәne aqparat ministrliginen, mýddeli memlekettik mekemeler men úiymdar basshylarynan atalghan mejege baylanysty is-sharalar josparyna Shoqandy jazushy prozaiyk, synshy, әzil-syqaqshy retinde tanytugha baghyttalghan baghdarlamalardy qosudy úsynamyz.

Óz tarapymyzdan әdistemelik kómek kórsetuge dayyn ekenimizdi bildiremiz.

Baghdat Baqtybayúly Aqylbekov

Jetisu oblysy, Kerbúlaq audanynyng tumasy, QR Jurnalister Odaghynyng mýshesi, ezek Tóre jәne Shoqantanushy, ólketanushy, birqatar tarihiy-tanymdyq, ghylymiy-zertteu maqalalardyng avtory

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