Redaksiyadan belgili jurnalist Duman Byqaydyng әleumettik jelidegi paraqshasynda jariyalaghan myna shaghyn saraptamalyq maqalasy turaly pikir jazuymdy súraghan tapsyrma kelip týsti... Áriyne, ol ýshin maghan avtordyng kózqarasyn múqiyat oqyp shyghu kerek edi. Oqu barysynda keybirde «Shynynda da solay ma?» degen súraq ýnemi mazalady. Óitkeni, Finlyandiya – Ekinshi dýniyejýzilik soghysta (1939‑1940 jj) KSRO siyaqty imperiyadan jenilmegen memleket. Mýmkin, finder sol soghystan sabaq alyp, ózining derbes sayasatyn jýrgizgen bolar degen súraq kókeyge oraldy...

Endi, mәseleni odan әri talqylau ýshin Duman Byqaydyng jazbasyn keltiremiz. Sebebi, maqaladaghy ýzik‑ýzik fragmentter mәselening tútas maghynasyn jetkize almaydy. Sonymen, Duman Byqaydyng pikiri mynau:

«Kishi memleketting ýlken derjavagha qarsy amalsyz qoldanghan strategiyasy... Býgin bir kýnimdi óte bir kólemdi enbekti oqugha arnadym. Bayghús, finnder dәl qazirgi bizding jaghdaygha úqsas kýidi bastan ótkergen eken. Kenes Odaghynan keletin tikeley nemese janama qysymdardy azaytu ýshin birqatar sayasy shekteulerdi sanaly týrde qabyldaghan eken. Qyzyq endi... Halyqaralyq úiymdarda nemese BÚÚ shenberindegi dauys berude Finlyandiya kóbine KSRO-nyng mýddesin eskerip, ashyq qarsy shyqpay, saqtyq tanytyp otyrypty.

KSRO-gha qarsy syny pikirler men media materialdar qatang baqylauda bolghan eken, antiykenestik qozghalystardy, belsendilerdi biylik ýnemi tyiyp tastap otyrghan. Múnday belsendiler әdette sayasy alannan shettetilip, BAQ betterinen joghalyp ketetin bolypty. Biylik olardy «memleketti soghysqa úryndyruy mýmkin» degen jeleumen qoghamnan oqshaulaugha tyrysqan eken.

Orys jýrgen jerde dau-damay da ilese jýredi ghoy, mine, sonday kezderi baspasóz óz ústanymyn barynsha júmsartyp beruge mәjbýr bolypty.

Antiykenestik úran kótergen sayasy partiyalardy parlamentke jolatpaghan, saylaugha qatysqanymen, jeniske jetu mýmkindiginen aiyrghan. KSRO-ny synaghan kitaptar baspadan shyqpay qalatyn nemese taralymy shekteletin bolghan. Fin biyligi múny «elding qauipsizdigin qorghau» dep týsindirgen. Mektep oqulyqtarynda keybir sayasy aspektiler (mysaly, orys-fin soghysy) júmsartylyp berilgen. KSRO-men ózara sauda qatynastaryn ornatqan. Kóptegen kәsiporyn orystardyng naryghyna qaray beyimdelip, alys-beris sayasatyn ýnemi eskeruge mәjbýr bolghan.

Fin qoghamy «finlyandizasiya» sayasatynyng qajettiligin jalpy týsingen, biraq oghan degen kózqaras birkelki bolmapty. Biraq, bәribir de «ishki kelisim» bolghan sekildi. Halyqtyng basym bóligi elding tynyshtyghyn saqtau, ekonomikany kóteru jәne jana soghysqa úrynbau ýshin osy sayasatty qoldaghan nemese ýnsiz maqúldaghan. Qoghamda «orystardyng qytyghyna tiymey, tynyshtyq saqtap, óz jolymyzben ilgeri basayyq, taghy da jerimizden aiyrylyp qalmayyq» degen ishtey ortaq týsinik ornaghan. Bylaysha aitqanda, últtyq sanada belgili bir kompromiss retinde ornyqqan.

Orysqa qarsy oppozisiya bas kótergen kezde finnderding sol kezdegi preziydenti Kekkonen aldymen Hrushev, keyinirek Brejnevting kabiynetine kirip, Finlyandiyanyng mýddesi ýshin eki shaldyng shaghymyn ýnsiz ghana tyndaugha mәjbýr bolghan eken. Ayta bersen, kóp endi...

KSRO qúlaghan son, finder úzaq jyl boyy aitugha jýreksinip kelgen nәrselerin aqtara bastaghan ghoy, әidәghan ghoy Reseydi. Búryn orystargha únamaytyn taqyryptardy qozghaugha qorqatyn tarihshylar arhivterdi arshyp, jana tarihy enbekterdi jaryqqa shyghara bastaghan. Orystardardy synaghany ýshin shettetilgen túlghalar últtyq qaharmangha ainalghan.

Finlyandiyanyng Euroodaqqa qosyluy kezinde el arasynda: «Búryn Mәskeuden keletin qonyraudan qorqushy edik, endi Brusseliden keletin hattan qorqatyn boldyq» degen әzil taraghan eken. Týsingenim, finnder uaqytqa ghana senim artty. Uaqytty qaru retinde paydalandy. Oryspen ashyq kiykiljinge barudyng ornyna beybitshilik pen túraqtylyqty basty oryngha qoydy. Sol arqyly olar últtyq ekonomikasyn damytty, halyqtyng túrmysyn jaqsartty, bilim jýiesin jetildirdi.

Qysqasy, elding «ishki quatyn» (negizi osy sózding әdemi termiyni bar) kýsheytuge basymdyq berdi. Búl negizi «orys ydyraghan kezde biz dayyn bolu kerekpiz» deytin óte-móte sauatty strategiya. Finder tolyqqandy tәuelsizdikti bolashaqqa saqtaghan sekildi kórinedi... Álbette, búl «tynyshtyqtyn» óz qúny boldy»...

Duman Byqaydyng saraptamalyq pikiri osymen ayaqtaldy. Ne oy týidinizder: kelistinizder me, әlde, joq pa? Endi osyny saraptayyq... Ol ýshin birneshe irgeli tarihy jaghdaylargha sholu jasau kerek bolady:

1. Finlyandiya‑Resey qatynasy tarihy. 

Finlyandiyanyng memlekettik qalyptasuy XIX ghasyrda Resey imperiyasymen tyghyz baylanysty boldy. 1808–1809 jyldardaghy Resey-Shvesiya soghysynan keyin búrynghy shved provinsiyasy bolghan Finlyandiya Resey imperiyasynyng qúramyna avtonomiyalyq aimaq retinde endi jәne ózining búrynghy konstitusiyalyq-qúqyqtyq mәrtebesin saqtap qaldy. Aleksandr I patsha jeke uniya (uniya ‑ monarhiyagha baghynyshty odaq) ayasynda «Finlyandiyanyng úly knyazi» titulyn qabyldap, 1809 jyly Borgo/Porvoo seyminde finderge barlyq tarihy erkindikter men artyqshylyqtardyng saqtaluyn kepildendirdi. Olardyng qataryna shved biyligi kezinde payda bolghan sosloviyelik jinalystar instituty, diny senim bostandyghy (Úly knyazidikting halqy negizinen luterandardan qúraldy), sonday-aq Resey imperiyasynyng basqa aimaqtarymen salystyrghanda keng auqymdy konstitusiyalyq artyqshylyqtar kirdi. Kelesi jýz jyl boyy Úly Finlyandiya knyazidigining astanasy bolghan Gelisingfors/Helisinky men Sankt-Peterburg arasyndaghy kýrdeli qarym-qatynastar konstitusiyalyq jәne әkimshilik-sayasy túrghydan ýnemi damyp otyrdy. Osylaysha, Úly Finlyandiya knyazidigi aqyrynda Resey imperiyasynyng ishinde joghary dәrejede avtonomdy memlekettik qúrylymyn qalyptastyrdy.

2. Resey imperiyasynda Finlyandiya әrtýrli әkimshilik reformalardy synaqtan ótkizetin alangha ainaldy. Búl әsirese Aleksandr II túsyndaghy 1860-jyldardaghy reformalar kezinde aiqyn kórindi: jarty ghasyr ishinde alghash ret sosloviyelik jinalys qayta shaqyrylyp, fin tili búghan deyin әkimshilik is jýrgizude jalghyz qoldanylghan shved tilimen tenestirildi. Osy ózgerister qazirgi Finlyandiyanyng sayasy mәdeniyetining negizin qalady. Tipti Aleksandr III kezindegi últshyldyq jәne imperialistik kýshei, әsirese Nikolay II basqarghan kezende de, Úly Finlyandiya knyazidigi men Sankt-Peterburg arasyndaghy qarym-qatynastar salystyrmaly týrde túraqty bolyp qaldy.

3. Birinshi dýniyejýzilik soghysqa deyin-aq Úly knyazidikti orystandyru jәne ony «otangha» neghúrlym jýieli týrde baylau әreketteri fin elitasynyng qatang qarsylyghyna tap bolyp, sәtsizdikke úshyrady. Finlyandiyadaghy sayasy elita men qoghamdyq pikir әrdayym ózderining tarihy konstitusiyalyq qúqyqtaryn jәne soghan sәikes zang ýstemdigin qorghau iydeyasyn basty nazarda ústady. Osynday jaghday halyqaralyq qoldaudyng da artuyna yqpal etti, onyng jarqyn mysaly – 1899 jyly Nikolay II-ge joldanghan fin tilin qoldaugha arnalghan petisiya. «Pro Finlandia» dep atalghan búl ýndeuge mynnan astam europalyq óner qayratkeri, yaghny is jýzinde býkil europalyq gumanitarlyq elita qol qoydy.

4. Sonymen qatar, Finlyandiya Resey imperiyasynyng әlsiregen kezenderin óz mýddesine tiyimdi paydalana bildi. Mәselen, 1905 jylghy revolusiya Finlyandiyagha aitarlyqtay әser etpese de, ol birpalataly parlament – Eduskuntanyng qúryluyna jәne әielderge saylau qúqyghynyng beriluine alyp keldi. Nәtiyjesinde, Finlyandiyanyng saylau jýiesi men sayasy qúrylymy Europadaghy eng ozyq jýielerding birine ainaldy, al Sosial-demokratiyalyq partiya (SDP) Birinshi dýniyejýzilik soghys bastalmay túryp-aq eldegi sheshushi sayasy kýshke ainaldy.

Búl tarihtan neni bayqaugha bolady?

Birinshiden, finder osyghan deyin Shvesiya qúramynda bolghandyghyn aitu kerek. Al, Resey imperiyasy Shvesiya koroldigimen bolghan soghystan keyin, Baltikagha jol ashyp, Finlyandiyany ózine «odaqtas knyazdik» (Uniya) etken son, odan әri Shvesiyamen teketireske barudy sayasy túrghydan tiyimsiz dep sanaghandyghy; Ekinshiden, Resey osy kezderi Napoleondyq Fransiyamen soghysyp, Mәskeuden ajyrady. Tek 1812 jyldan bastap, Resey armiyasy fransuzdardy jenip, shegindirdi. Ýshinshiden, osy Otan soghysynan keyin Resey imperiyasynyng óz territoriyasyn keneytu maqsattaghy barlyq sayasy kýsh‑jigeri Ontýstik batys (Kavkaz, Qyrym, Qara teniz), Shyghysqa (Sibirge) jәne Ontýstikke, yaghni, Ortalyq Aziyagha qaray baghyttalghanyn kóremiz. Sol sebepti, Soltýstikti alyp jatqan shaghyn Fin eli ózining avtonomdy jaghdayyn birshama saqtady. Ony «orystandyru» da sәtsiz boldy, sebebi, finder últtyq túrghyda shoghyrlana ornalasyp, lokaldy jaghdayda tilinen, dәstýrinen, mәdeniyetinen ajyray qoyghan joq. Tabighaty qataldau Fin jerine jappay kóshuge, sóitip «orystandyrudyn» adamy resrstaryn jasaugha orys sharualarynyng da qúlyqty bolmaghany – finderge ontayly bolghany anyq.

FINDERDING TÁUELSIZDIK ALUY

Resey imperiyasymen ózara әrekettesu mehanizmderin Finlyandiya jaqsy iygergeni sonshalyq, 1917 jylghy Reseydegi revolusiya fin elitasynyng kópshiligin antarylysta qaldyrdy. Sol kezde fin elitasy Reseyden tәuelsizdik alu jәne búrynghy Úly knyazidikti derbes memleket retinde moyyndatugha dayyn zandy biylik ókilderin izdeu turaly sheshim qabyldady. Olar ony ailar boyy kýtu kerektigin sezdi. Ýzdiksiz izdeniste boldy. Óz ústanymdaryn jasyryn týrde qayta baghdarlau qajet boldy. Sóitip, 1917 jyldyng jeltoqsan aiynyng basynda Helisinkiyding sayasy elitasy múnday adamdy Leninning túlghasynda tapty. Sebebi, Leninning antiimperialistik baghyty Finlyandiya mýddelerimen is jýzinde tolyq sәikes keldi. Sóitip, Fin halqy ózderining sayasy kóregendigi, elitasynyng últshyldyghy men memleketshildigi arqasynda Resey qúramynan shyghyp, óz aldyna tәuelsiz memleket bolyp bólindi.

Al, Resey bolsa, osydan keyin birneshe jyl azamattyq soghysty bastan ótkerip, kóptegen ónirlerde asharshylyq bolyp, ózderi jaulap alghan territoriyany qalaysha iygeremiz dep basy qatyp jatty. Typ‑tynysh jatqan Finlyandiyagha «nazar audarugha» múrsha bolmady...

FINDERGE KSRODAN TÓNGEN ALGhAShQY QAUIP

Osy uaqytta jas fin memleketining qauipsizdigi men әlsiz tәuelsizdigine naqty qauip tóndire bastaghan Stalin basqarghan Kenes Odaghy boldy. 1920–1930 jyldary Finlyandiya óz memlekettigining saqtaluyna kepildik beru mәselesin sheshe almady, degenmen búl turaly bolashaq preziydent Yuho Kusty Paasikivy (1870–1956) birneshe ret eskertken edi. Osy erte kezende-aq Paasikivi, Resey men Kenes Odaghy boyynsha basty sarapshy retinde, Finlyandiyanyng memlekettigin tek Mәskeumen yntymaqtastyq arqyly ghana qamtamasyz etuge bolatynyn, olargha qarsy túru tiyimsiz ekenin týsindi.

1930-jyldardyng sonyna qaray búl mәsele shiyelenise týsti, óitkeni Stalin búrynghy Resey imperiyasynyng shet aimaqtaryn baqylaugha alu niyetin ashyq mәlimdep, Finlyandiyadan shekarasyn ózgertip, Mәskeumen jaqyndasudy talap etti.

KSRO-daghy elshi retinde Paasikivy 1939 jyldyng kýzinde-aq Stalinning әskeriy-sayasy talaptaryn barynsha qanaghattandyrudy, tipti, mýmkin bolatyn aumaqtyq berilulerden bólek, eng tótenshe jaghdayda Kenes әskerining shekteuli kontingentin fin jerine ornalastyrugha rúqsat berudi jaqtady. Ol da, sol kezdegi fin armiyasynyng bas qolbasshysy Karl Gustav Mannergeym (1867–1951) de búl talaptardy oryndamaghan jaghdayda Finlyandiya Kenes Odaghymen soghysqa tap bolatynyn jәne ony jene de, aman qala da almaytynyn ashyq aitty. Alayda 1939 jyldyng kýzine qaray fin ýkimetining kópshiligi Stalinning talaptaryn qabyldaugha qarsy shyqty. Olar, eng aldymen, halyqaralyq qúqyqqa negizdelgen qatang ústanymnyng Kenes basshylyghyn әlsizdikke úshyratady dep ýmittendi.

1939‑1940 j.j. KSRO‑FIN SOGhYSY

Ókinishke oray, búl ýmit aqtalmady. Kerisinshe boldy: 1939 jyldyng qarashasynda Finlyandiya jasyryn týrde kenestik әskery agressiyagha úshyrady jәne óz ýmitterine qaramastan, 1940 jyldyng nauryzyna deyin jalghyz ózi qorghanugha mәjbýr boldy. Qorghanystyng jalpy tabysty boluy jәne jas memleketting neoimperialistik agressorgha ózin jaulap alugha jol bermeui ‑ finderding últtyq sanasynyng qalyptasyp aluy edi. Qysqy soghysta búl sheshushi faktorgha ainaldy.

IYә, Finlyandiya belgili bir aumaqtaryn joghaltty (alayda, búl kenestik qolbasshylyqtyng bastapqy kýtkeninen әldeqayda az boldy), biraq fin halqy tek armiyasynyng tózimdiligimen ghana emes, býkil qoghamnyng jan-jaqty júmyluymen de tanghalarlyqtay jeniske degen erik-jigerin kórsetti. Dәl osy kezende býgingi kýnge deyin fin qorghanys doktrinasyn ýlgili dep sanaugha mýmkindik beretin jan-jaqty, tipti totaldy últtyq qorghanystyng negizderi qalandy.

1939–1940 jyldardyng qysynda ýsh jarym ay boyy Finlyandiya Kenes Odaghyna qarsy túrdy. Alayda, dәl sol sәtte Batys odaqtastary ózderining strategiyalyq mýddeleri ýshin Finlyandiya jaghyna shyghugha dayyn bolghan kezde, Mannergeym men Helisinkiydegi sayasy basshylyq KSRO-men auyr bitim jasasu turaly sheshim qabyldady. 1940 jyldyng nauryzynda jasalghan (birinshi) Mәskeu beybit kelisimine sәikes, Finlyandiya soghysqa deyingi kenestik talaptardyng negizgi bóligin oryndaugha mindettendi.

Paasikivy bolashaq beybit kelisimning naqty sharttaryn talqylau mindetin óz moynyna aldy. Ol fin halqynyng kóptegen azamattarynyng ómirin týbegeyli ózgertken auyr kenestik talaptarmen kelisuge mәjbýr boldy. Búl talaptargha Batys Kareliyanyng edәuir bóliginen, sonyng ishinde eldegi ekinshi iri qala – Vyborg/Viipuriyden bas tartu (búl 422 myng adamnyn, yaghny el halqynyng 12%-ynyng evakuasiyalanuyna sebep boldy), әskeriy-strategiyalyq túrghydan manyzdy jaghalaudaghy audandardy beru jәne el astanasynan ontýstik-shyghysqa qaray 100 shaqyrym jerdegi Hanko týbeginde kenes әskerin ornalastyru siyaqty auyr mindettemeler kirdi.

FINDERDING ESE QAYTARU ÁREKETI SÁTSIZ AYaQTALDY

1940 jylghy «beybit kelisim» Finlyandiya ýshin óte auyr boldy; el elitasy da, qoghamnyng kóp bóligi shekaralardy qayta qarau ýmitine sýienip, rusofobiyalyq kózqaraspen úshtasqan revanshizm sezimine berildi. Sondyqtan Helisinky sanaly týrde últtyq-sosialistik Germaniyamen әskery odaq qúrugha úmtyldy. Finlyandiya Gitlerding KSRO-ny jonggha jәne «aziyalyq» Reseydi Oraldyng arghy jaghyna yghystyrugha baghyttalghan «Barbarossa» operasiyasyn qoldady.

Alayda, búl jospardyng alghashqy kezende-aq sәtsizdikke úshyrauyna baylanysty, Finlyandiya Mannergeymning basshylyghymen (ol búl prosesterde sheshushi ról atqardy) 1943 jyldyng kókteminen keshiktirmey soghystan birjaqty shyghu turaly sheshim qabyldady. 1944 jyldyng qyrkýieginde KSRO-men jasalghan jana beybit kelisimder Finlyandiyanyng patshalyq Resey imperiyasyndaghy qalyptasqan búrynghy sayasy dәstýrlerine qayta oraltty.

Búl sayasattyng negizinde: KSRO-men (jәne qazirgi Reseymen de) 1300 shaqyrymnan asatyn qúrlyq shekarasy bar Finlyandiyanyng egemendigi geografiyalyq jaghdaylardan bólek qarastyryla almaydy degen prinsip ornyqty.

BEYTARAP SAYaSATTYNG NÁTIYJESI

Osydan keyingi onjyldyqtarda, preziydentter Paasikivy men Urho Kekkonenning (1900–1986) basshylyghymen «ózin-ózi beytaraptandyru» dep atalatyn sayasat qalyptasty. 1960-jyldargha qaray «finlyandizasiya» termiyni túraqty úghymgha ainaldy. Búl termindi  alghash ret Batys Germaniyada  Rihard Leventali men Frans Yozef Shtraus iydeologiyalyq kliyshe retinde qoldaghan bolatyn.

Kekkonen búghan jauap retinde jaghdaydyng ong aspektilerin algha tartty. Onyng aituynsha, «ózin-ózi beytaraptandyru» jәne KSRO-men jaqsy qarym-qatynastar ornatu Finlyandiya egemendigin aitarlyqtay shektemedi. Ekinshi dýniyejýzilik soghystan keyin payda bolghan «finlyandizasiya» sayasaty Europadaghy beybitshilikti qamtamasyz etuge jәne shiryghudy bәsendetu sayasatyn jalghastyrugha qosqan ýlesi arqyly halyqaralyq arenada manyzdy ról atqardy. Sondyqtan Kekkonenning pikirinshe, Shyghys pen Batys arasyndaghy qaqtyghys jaghdayynda Finlyandiya ýlgisin aqylgha qonymdy sayasattyng kórinisi retinde qarastyru qajet. Al ony bolishevikterge baghynu retinde sipattau qate týsinik boldy.

Qalay bolghanda da, búl sayasat eng aldymen Finlyandiyanyng memlekettik egemendigin saqtap, ony «kenestendiruden» qorghady. Helisinky men Mәskeu arasyndaghy qarym-qatynas qanshalyqty rettelse, Kenes Odaghynyng Finlyandiyamen túraqty baylanystargha degen senimi soghúrlym artyp, finder ýshin sayasy manevr jasau mýmkindigin keneye týsti. Búl elding ishki qúrylymyna da әser etti: Kenes naryghyna tәueldilik pen ózin-ózi senzuralau ýrdisine qaramastan, Finlyandiya shvedtik әleumettik modelin qabyldap, últtyq jәne әleumettik-sayasy tәuelsizdigin saqtap qala aldy.

Búl ýrdis әsirese syrtqy sayasatta jәne Finlyandiyanyng halyqaralyq qatynastar jýiesindegi ornyn anyqtauda aiqyn kórindi. Soltýstik Europamen integrasiya kýsheygen sayyn, Kekkonen ózining «bu diplomatiyasy» («fin monshasy» degen sóz bolsa kerek) arqyly suyq soghys kezenindegi qayshylyqty azaytu sayasatynyng manyzdy deldaly jәne ortalyq túlghalarynyng birine ainaldy.

Mine, taldaudy ayaqtadyq. Búdan ne qorytugha bolady:

Birinshiden, finder eshqashan «orystandyru» sayasatynyng auyr zardabyn basynan ótkermegen, sanasy erkin, mәdeny tәuelsiz el bolghanyn kóremiz. Sondyqtan, finderde «KSRO-dan qorqynysh» sayasaty emes, kerisinshe, últ basshylary sheber memleketshil sayasat ústanghan deu ‑ shyndyq;

Ekinshiden, finderding tәuelsizdik tarihyna Orta Aziya halyqtarynyn, ne Kavkaz halyqtarynyn, ne Qyrym tatarlarynyng «kózimen qarau» – týbegeyli qate qorytyndylargha alyp keledi. Onday jaghdayda, biz osy halyqtar bastan keshken etnosid әserinen tuyndaytyn «qorqynysh sezimin» finderge proeksiyalaymyz da, olardyng Derbes әri Memlekettshil, әri últshyl‑memleketshil sayasatynyng maghynasyn týsinbeytin bolamyz.

Ýshinshiden, Finlyandiyany basqarghan barlyq preziydentterding óz últynyng naghyz patrioty, óz elining naghyz azamaty bolghanyn onyng tarihy bizge ýlgi retinde kórsetip túr – biz odan sabaq aluymyz kerek.

Tórtinshiden, Finlyandiya KSRO qúra almaghan «shynayy sosializmge», yaghni, ghylymy túrghyda aitylatyn «әleumettik jauapkershilikti memleketke» qol jetkizgenin, olardyng KSRO‑nyng keybir ekonomikalyq jәne әleumettik damu ýlgilerin ala otyryp,  ony europalyq damyghan tehnologiyamen úshtastyrghanyn, eldi «úranmen» emes, tynymsyz «algha qoyghan maqsatqa jetu» qaghidasyn ústana basqarghanyn kóremiz...

Sondyqtan, finder «KSROdan qorqudy» emes (D.Byqay ony «orystan qorqu» dep qatelesken), KSRO-gha «dostyqty» úsyna otyryp, onyng tabighy resursyn, basqa da mýmkindikterin, memleket basqaru prinsipterin ózderine ynghaylap otyrghan deuge bolady. Áriyne, olar osyghan ashyq qarsy shyqqan «radikaldy probatysshyl» azamattaryn shektegen. Óitkeni, finderge onday «baybalam» salatynday ‑ KSROdan tónip túrghan qauip joq edi. Finlyandiya beytarap tәuelsiz el (batystan da, shyghystan da) retinde damydy, әri, ýlken jetistikterge jetti! Qazaq aitqanday, olar ez elin «finderding Jerúiyghyna» ainaldyra aldy. Osy manyzdy!

Ábdirashit Bәkirúly,

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