Sheshender men ingushterding Qazaqstangha jer audarylghanyna 82 jyl

1930-1949 jyldary Sheshen-Ingush ASSR-inde kenestik sayasatqa qarsy jappay narazylyqtar bastaldy.

Ekinshi dýniyejýzilik soghys bastalghanda olardyng sany arta týsti. Biylik qarsylyq bildirushilerdi «bandalar» dep atady.

1942 jyldyng kýzinde respublika aumaghynyng bir bóligin nemis әskerleri basyp aldy, biraq 1943 jyldyng qantaryna qaray ol tolyq azat etildi.

Osydan keyin kenes basshylyghy vaynahtardy* deportasiyalaudy josparlay bastady.

*Vaynahtar — sheshender men ingushterdin, sonday-aq olargha tuys Soltýstik Kavkazdyng bayyrghy halyqtarynyng ortaq atauy.

1944 JYLGhY QANTAR

29 qantarda Ishki ister halyq komissary Lavrentiy Beriya «Sheshender men ingushterdi kóshiru tәrtibi turaly núsqaulyqty» bekitti. Operasiyagha «Chechevisa» (Jasymyq) degen qúpiya kodtyq atau berildi. 31 qantarda «Óte qúpiya» belgisimen «Arnayy qonys audarushylardy Qazaq jәne Qyrghyz SSR-i aumaghyna ornalastyru is-sharalary turaly» qauly shyqty.

1944 JYLGhY AQPAN

1944 jylghy 21 aqpanda NKVD-nyng sheshender men ingushterdi kóshiru turaly búiryghy shyqty. «Jasymyq» operasiyasy bastalar aldynda Stalinge esep joldandy, onda Sheshen-Ingush ASSR-i basshylyghymen jýrgizilgen kelissózder sipattalghan:

«Sheshen-Ingush ASSR Halkomkenesining tóraghasy Molaevqa ýkimetting sheshender men ingushterdi kóshiru turaly sheshimi bayandaldy. Molaev kózine jas aldy, biraq ózin ústap, ózine jýktelgen barlyq tapsyrmalardy oryndaugha uәde berdi».

1944 JYLGhY 23 AQPAN

«Jasymyq» operasiyasy 1944 jylghy 23 aqpanda tanerteng erte bastaldy. Halyqty kóshiru ýshin 14 200 vagon men avtokólik dayyndaldy. Saghat tanghy 11:00-de Stalinge alghashqy esep týsti: respublikanyng eldi mekenderinen 94 741 adam shygharyldy. Kuәgerler

«...Narazylyq bildirgening ýshin — atu. Qashugha әreket jasaghanyng ýshin — atu. Búiryqty dúrys týsinbegening ýshin — atu...» - dep eske alady (Derekkóz: «Sheshender men ingushterdi kóshiru: búl qalay boldy», M.M. Ibragimov, 2018)

1944 JYLGhY 7 NAURYZ

KSRO Jogharghy Kenesi Prezidiumy «Sheshen-Ingush ASSR-in taratu turaly» Jarlyq shyghardy. Qújatta deportasiyanyng sebebi bylay tújyrymdaldy:

«...kóptegen sheshender men ingushter Otangha opasyzdyq jasap, fashistik basqynshylar jaghyna shyghyp ketti».

Alayda, «satqyndyq» turaly aiyptaulardyng eshqanday negizi bolghan joq: vaynahtar Qyzyl Ásker qatarynda shayqasyp, erlik kórsetti, al tylda qalghan erler, әielder, qarttar men jasóspirimder eldi azyq-týlikpen jәne resurstarmen qamtamasyz etti.

AJAL JOLY

Belgili ingush jazushysy Idris Bazorkinning qyzy — Aza Bazorkinanyng esteliginen:

«Jarty million adamdy mal tasityn vagondargha tiyedi. Sanylaulardan aqpannyng suyq jeli soghyp túrdy. Áyelder men balalar edende otyrdy. Jastar tikesinen tik túryp túrdy. Keybir otbasylardy tóseginen túrghyzyp әketken. Jazyq dalada siyrek toqtap, 18 tәulik boyy jol jýrdik».

Deportasiyalanghan Hamid Arapiyevting esteliginen:

«Yghy-jyghy adam toly, jaryghy men suy joq «búzau vagondarynda» bir aigha juyq belgisiz baghytqa ketip bara jattyq... Sýzek auruy bastaldy... Em-dom joq, soghys jýrip jatyr... Adam az túratyn beketterde qysqa ayaldama kezinde qaytys bolghandardy poyyzdyng janyna jerlep kete berdik...»

Arhivtik qújattar boyynsha Qazaq jәne Qyrghyz SSR-ine 180 eshelonmen barlyghy 494 456 adam kelgen.

Keyinirek búl sangha maydannan oralghan vaynah erleri, sonyng ishinde soghys batyrlary qosyldy.

NKVD mәlimeti boyynsha jolda 1 361 adam qaytys bolghan, biraq zertteushiler naqty shyghyndy qonys audarushylardyng ýshten birinen jartysyna deyin jetedi dep baghalaydy.

1945 jylghy qazan aiynyng basynda Qazaqstanda arnayy qonystarda 405 900 sheshen men ingush esepte túrghan.

QAZAQTARDYNG KÓMEGI

«Jazalanghan halyqtar» auyr joldan keyin, dýniye-mýlkisiz, baspanasyz jәne malsyz qatal qazaq dalasynan bir-aq shyqty. Ózderi de soghys jyldarynda ash-jalanash, qiyn jaghdayda ómir sýrgen qazaqtar jer audarylghandarmen baspanasyn da, bir ýzim nanyn da bólisti.

1944 jyly Qazaqstangha deportasiyalanghan Ahmed Dokaevtyng esteliginen:

«Eger biz qatygez adamdargha tap bolghanymyzda, jer betinde sheshen men ingush qalmas edi. Olar birden joq bolyp keter edi».

TARIHY OTANGhA ORALU

1956 jyly 16 shildede KSRO Jogharghy Kenesi №942 Jarlyq shygharyp, soghys jyldarynda kóshirilgen sheshender, ingushter, qarashaylar men olardyng otbasy mýshelerine qoyylghan shekteulerdi alyp tastady.

Jarty jyldan keyin, 1957 jyly 9 qantarda KSRO Jogharghy Kenesi Prezidiumy RSFSR qúramynda Sheshen-Ingush ASSR-in qalpyna keltiru turaly jarlyq qabyldady. Kýshtep kóshirilgen halyqtargha tarihy otanyna qaytugha rúqsat berildi.

Ómir Shynybekúlynyng paraqshasynan alyndy

Týpnúsqa: Qalam History

Abai.kz