Jana Konstitusiya memleket pen qoghamnyng ózara is-qimylyn qalay ózgertedi, azamattyq bastamalar ýshin qanday mýmkindikter ashady jәne nelikten formaldy qatysudan mazmúndy qatysugha kóshu manyzdy? Búl turaly «Qazaqstannyng Azamattyq Aliyansy» qauymdastyq nysanyndaghy zandy túlghalar birlestigining diyrektory Núras Eraly súhbat barysynda aityp berdi.

– Jana Konstitusiyanyng Qazaqstannyng odan әri damuy ýshin manyzyn qalay baghalaysyz? Sizding oiynyzsha, qanday ózgerister eng manyzdy?

– Jana Konstitusiyanyng qabyldanuy – Qazaqstannyng jәne onyng memlekettik-qúqyqtyq jýiesining damuyndaghy manyzdy kezen. Konstitusiya – jay ghana qúqyqtyq qújat emes. Eng aldymen, ol memleket pen azamattar arasyndaghy ózara qarym-qatynastyng negizin aiqyndaydy, olardyng qúqyqtaryn, bostandyqtary men jauapkershiligin belgileydi.

Azamattardyng qoghamdyq ómirge qatysuyna jәne azamattyq qogham instituttaryn odan әri damytugha erekshe mәn berilgen. Býginde qoghamdyq úiymdar, qoghamdyq kenester, bastamashyl toptar jәne azamattyq qoghamnyng basqa da instituttary memleket pen qogham arasyndaghy dialogty qalyptastyruda manyzdy ról atqarady.

«Qazaqstannyng Azamattyq Aliyansynyn» qyzmeti ayasynda búl baghyttaghy júmys negizgi basymdyqtardyng biri bolyp tabylady. Biz qoghamdyq úiymdarmen jәne ónirlik azamattyq aliyanstarmen ózara is-qimyl jasaymyz, qoghamdyq jәne dialog alandaryn damytamyz, bastamashyl toptardy qoldaymyz jәne azamattardy tikeley tolghandyratyn mәselelerdi talqylaugha mýmkindik beretin jaghdaylar jasaymyz. Adamdardyng zanmen bekitilgen qúqyqtary ghana emes, óz pikirin bildiruge, onyng eskeriluine jәne óz ómiri men ónirining damuyna qatysty mәselelerdi sheshuge qatysugha naqty mýmkindikteri boluy óte manyzdy.

Myqty azamattyq qogham dәl osynday belsendi aralasudan bastalady. Adam ózin syrttay baqylaushy retinde emes, elding damuyna óz ýlesin qosa alatyn әri búl ýderiske jauapty azamat retinde sezinui kerek.

Sonday-aq tarihy jәne mәdeny múragha úqypty qarau qaghidatynyng Konstitusiyada bekitiluin erekshe atap ótken jón. «Qazaqstannyng Azamattyq Aliyansy» búl baghytta da belsendi júmys jýrgizip keledi. Atap aitqanda, tarihiy-mәdeny múrany saqtau jәne nasihattau baghytyndaghy volonterlik qozghalysty damytugha ýles qosyp otyrmyz. Múra – búl bizge ótkennen jetken qúndylyq qana emes, ony saqtap, keleshek úrpaqqa amanat etu – bizding mindetimiz.

– Jana Konstitusiyanyng qabyldanuy azamattyq qoghamnyng el ómirine qatysuyna qalay әser etti? Qoghamdyq bastamalar men memleketpen dialog jýrgizu ýshin mýmkindikter artty ma?

– Jana Konstitusiya memleket pen azamattyq qogham arasyndaghy syndarly әri mazmúndy dialogty damytugha qosymsha negiz qalyptastyrady.

Býginde ÝEÚ, sarapshylar qauymdastyghy jәne belsendi azamattar әleumettik manyzy bar mәselelerdi kóterip qana qoymay, olardy talqylaugha qatysugha, úsynystar әzirleuge jәne memlekettik organdarmen ózara is-qimyl jasaugha mýmkindik aldy. Múnday tetikter әsirese qabyldanatyn sheshimder adamdardyng ómir sýru sapasyna tikeley әser etetin ónirlik jәne jergilikti dengeylerde manyzdy.

Alayda mýmkindikterding boluy ózdiginen nәtiyje beredi dep aitugha bolmaydy. Azamattardyng qoldanystaghy qatysu tetikterin paydalanugha dayyn boluy, bastama kóterui jәne óz qauymdastyqtarynyng damuyna jauapkershilik aluy manyzdy. Al memlekettik instituttar, óz kezeginde, múnday dialogqa ashyq bolyp, naqty keri baylanysty qamtamasyz etui qajet.

Sondyqtan kelesi manyzdy kezeng – formaldy qatysudan mazmúndy qatysugha kóshu. Yaghny qoghamdyq bastamalar jay ghana tyndalyp qoymay, naqty qaralyp, olargha keri baylanys berilip, mýmkin bolghan jaghdayda qabyldanatyn sheshimderde eskerilui kerek. Dәl osynday tәsil memleket pen qogham arasyndaghy senimdi nyghaytyp, azamattardyng qatysuyn shyn mәninde tiyimdi etedi.

– Konstitusiyada bekitilgen qanday ózgerister qazirding ózinde is jýzinde seziledi, al qay ózgeristerdi iske asyru ýshin әli uaqyt qajet?

– Jana Konstitusiyanyng kýshine engenine bir aidan sәl ghana asty. Auqymdy konstitusiyalyq ózgeristerdi tolyq iske asyru ýshin belgili bir uaqyt qajet. Degenmen qazirding ózinde azamattar ýshin tikeley manyzy bar birqatar ózgeristerdi atap ótuge bolady. Olardyng qatarynda adam qúqyqtary men bostandyqtarynyng kepildikterin kýsheytu, olardy qúqyqtyq qorghaudyng qosymsha tetikterin engizu, sifrlyq qúqyqtar men derbes derekterdi qorghaugha qatysty normalardy bekitu bar.

Konstitusiyada әleumettik kepildikterge, densaulyq saqtaugha, bilim beruge, ekologiyalyq jauapkershilikke, sonday-aq tarihy jәne mәdeny múrany saqtaugha da erekshe kónil bólingen.

Memlekettik basqaru jýiesindegi ózgerister de airyqsha nazar audarudy qajet etedi. Jana modeli belgili bir institusionaldyq ózgeristerdi kózdeydi jәne olardy tolyqqandy iske asyru ýshin de uaqyt qajet bolady. Qazirgi tanda el ótpeli kezendi bastan ótkerip otyr: jana konstitusiyalyq normalar birtindep zannamada jәne memlekettik instituttardyng qyzmetinde kórinis tabuda.

– Sizding oiynyzsha, konstitusiyalyq reformalardy iske asyruda qoghamdyq úiymdar qanday ról atqaruy tiyis?

– Ýkimettik emes úiymdar konstitusiyalyq reformalardy iske asyruda manyzdy ról atqarady. Óitkeni olar memlekettik sheshimderdi qoghamnyng naqty qajettilikterimen baylanystyrugha eleuli ýles qosa alady.

Eng aldymen, azamattardy bolyp jatqan ózgerister turaly aqparattandyru jәne jana normalardy qarapayym әri týsinikti tilmen týsindiru manyzdy. Konstitusiya men oghan baylanysty zannamalyq ózgerister tek zangerler men mamandargha ghana emes, әrbir azamatqa týsinikti әri qoljetimdi boluy kerek.

Keri baylanys ta asa manyzdy. Biz adamdarmen tikeley júmys isteymiz, ónirlerdegi mәselelerdi jaqsy bilemiz jәne qanday mәseleler qosymsha nazar audarudy qajet etetinin, qanday bastamalardyng súranysqa ie ekenin, sonday-aq azamattardyng is jýzinde qanday qiyndyqtargha tap bolatynyn kóre alamyz.

Búdan bólek, qoghamdyq sektor reformalardy iske asyrugha saraptamalyq ýles qosa alady, qoghamdyq monitoringke, zannamalyq bastamalardy talqylaugha jәne qabyldanatyn sheshimderding tiyimdiligin baghalaugha qatysa alady. Búl rette qoghamdyq úiymdardyng mindeti memlekettik bastamalardy qoldaumen ghana shektelmeui tiyis. Qoldanystaghy mәseleler turaly ashyq әri syndarly týrde aityp, olardy sheshuding naqty joldaryn úsynu da manyzdy.

– Sizding oiynyzsha, azamattardyng jana Konstitusiyanyng erejelerin bilui jәne óz qúqyqtary men mindetterin týsinui nelikten manyzdy?

– Óz qúqyqtary men mindetterin týsinbey, el ómirine tolyqqandy qatysu mýmkin emes.

Konstitusiyany bilu azamatqa ózining qanday qúqyqtary men mýmkindikteri bar ekenin, olardy qorghau ýshin qayda jýgine alatynyn, qoghamdyq ómirge qalay qatysugha bolatynyn jәne óz qalasynda, ónirinde, jalpy elde bolyp jatqan ýderisterge qalay yqpal ete alatynyn týsinuge mýmkindik beredi.

Sonymen qatar azamat óz qúqyqtaryn ghana emes, qogham men memleket aldyndaghy mindetteri men jauapkershiligin de bilui manyzdy. Búl әsirese tarihy jәne mәdeny múrany saqtau, ekologiyalyq jauapkershilik, sifrlyq qauipsizdik, basqa azamattargha qúrmetpen qarau jәne óskeleng úrpaqty tәrbiyeleu mәselelerine qatysty ózekti.

Konstitusiya tek memlekettik mekemelerde saqtalatyn nemese mamandar ghana zerdeleytin qújat retinde qabyldanbauy kerek. Ol qarapayym azamatqa týsinikti bolyp, kýndelikti ómirde óz qúqyqtary men mindetterin dúrys baghdarlaugha kómektesui qajet.

Sondyqtan memleket pen azamattyq qoghamnyng manyzdy mindetterining biri – adamdargha Konstitusiyanyng erejeleri turaly jay ghana aqparat beru emes, osy normalardyng is jýzinde qalay júmys isteytinin jәne әr azamatqa qanday mýmkindikter beretinin týsindiru.

Myqty memleket tek tiyimdi memlekettik instituttargha ghana emes, óz qúqyqtaryn biletin, mindetterin oryndaytyn jәne elding damuyndaghy óz rólin týsinetin jauapty qoghamgha sýienedi.

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