Býgingi kýni jariyalanyp, jaryq kórgen basylymdar arasynda tarihy shyndyqpen tolyq sәikese qoymaytyn, keyde birine-biri qayshy keletin, jalghan, tipti mifke jaqyn faktiler, pikirler kezdesedi. Onday derekter oqyrmandar arasynda týsinbeushilik, al 37-jyldyng qúrbandarynyng tughan-tuystary arasynda ókinish-ókpe tudyrady. Degenmen, mening aitqym kelip otyrghan pikir de shyndyqtyng shyny degen oidan aulaqpyn.

Men osy ústanymyma sýiene otyryp, Alash ardageri, Qazaqstan men KSRO-da sol jyldary qyzmet etken asa kórnekti memleket jәne qogham qayratkeri, 37-jylghy qughyn-sýrginning qúrbany Núrmaqov Nyghmet jәne onyng semiyasy, jaqyn tuystary turaly aitqym keledi.

Núrmaqov Nyghmet – Reseydegi 1917 jyly bolghan Qazan tónkerisinen son, qazaq dalasynda jana ómir qúrugha belsendi qatysqan túlgha. 1920-29 jj. aralyghynda ol Qazaqstanda Jogharghy Revtribunal, Jogharghy sot tóraghasy, Bas prokuror, al 1924-29 jj. ýkimet basshysy (premier-ministr) boldy. Jas Qazaq Respublikasyn qúryp, ony damytyp, nyghaytu, kórkeytu, joldarynda atqarghan enbekteri әrtýrli resmy qújattarda, әdebiyet kózderinde, búqaralyq aqparattarda jazylyp, arhivterde saqtalghan. Sondyqtan men búl esteligimde, negizinen, saqtalghan qújattarda joq nemese tolyq jazylmaghan derekter turaly sóz qozghaymyn. Ol – Núrmaqovtyng tuystary sol jyldarda kórgen qayghy-qasiretteri turaly.

Mening jýregimde Núrmaqovtyng repressiyagha týsu sebepteri resmy qújattarda atalghan sebepterden әride jatyr degen oy túraqty oilandyrady. Ol, әriyne, tereng zertteudi qajet etetin dýniye. Degenmen, ony tútqyndaudyng bir sebebi – ol atalghan joghary lauazymdy sayasy qyzmetterdi atqaru jolynda qatar jýrgen qazaqtyng aldynghy qatarly ziyalylarymen birge sol jyldarda Qazaqstanda partiya basshysy bolghan Goloshekinning qazaqtargha tizesin qatty batyryp, olardy qorlau sayasatyna ashyq qarsy shyghuy.

«Shyndyqty kimge bolsa da kózine tapjylmay aitu – ol kisining minez ereksheligi bolushy edi», – degen sózderdi uaqytynda qughyn-sýrgin assosiasiyasynyng alghashqy preziydenti Bekbolat Mustafin aqsaqal men qart bolishevik A. Butinning auyzdarynan estigen edim. Búnday batyldyq, әriyne, Goloshekin men onyng jendetterine únamaydy. Sondyqtan onyng ýstinen ortalyqqa (Mәskeuge) joldanghan shaghymdar ýsti-ýstine týsip jatty. Biraq onyng bilimdiligi men biliktiligin, úiymdastyrushylyq júmysqa degen qabiletin biletin jәne naq qazir júmysynan alyp jazalaugha tikeley sebep joq ekenine kózi jetken Stalin bastaghan ortalyq «Núrmaqovty qyzmetten bosatudy qoya túryndar. Ol kezekti sezge deyin isteydi» degen habar joldaydy. Oghan qaramay shaghymdar toqtamaydy.

Sol sebepten 1929 jyly Núrmaqovty Mәskeuge auystyrugha mәjbýr boldy. Ol turaly derekti qújatta «Moskva. Otzyv v SK» dep jazylghan. «Ondaghy oilary Núrmaqov bizding kóz aldymyzda jýrsin deui ghoy» dep aitatyn Bekbolat aqsaqal. Mәskeude Núrmaqov 1937 jylgha deyin KSRO SIYK-ining Prezidium mýsheligine kandidat, Býkilrossiyalyq SIYK-ting (VSIYK) Prezidiumynyng mýshesi, VSIK Prezidiumynyng hatshy orynbasary jәne qatarynan onyng eki (últtyq jәne aqparat) bólimining mengerushisi qyzmetine taghayyndaldy. Sol qyzmetterinde jýrgen Núrmaqov 1937 jyldyng iini aiynda repressiyagha úshyraghan alghashqy arystardyng biri bolyp tútqyndaldy. Reseyding búrynghy «KGB», keyingi «FSB» organynan alynghan qújatta oghan «1920 jylgha deyin «Alashorda» partiyasynyng belsendi mýshesi, últshyl, Kenes ýkimetine ashyq qarsy shyqqan jәne onyng basshylaryn jonggha әreket júmystaryn úiymdastyrushy, Japoniya men Germaniyanyng tynshysy» degen dóreki aiyp taghylady. Sol jyldyng qyrkýiek aiynda Núrmaqov Alash kósemi Álihan Bókeyhanovpen bir kýnde atylyp, bir jerge (Mәskeu, Don ziraty) kómilgen (búl jerde jerlengeni dep jazudy jón kórmedim).

Núrmaqov ústalghannan keyin, repressiyalyq apparat onyng tughan-tuysqandaryn jonggha kiristi. Núrmaqovtyng semiyasy qughyn-sýrgin zardabyn tolyghymen basynan keshirgen otbasy deuge bolady. Oghan dәlel bola alatyn myna faktilerdi keltireyin. Nyghmetting auylda túratyn jasy jetpisten asqan әkesi Núrmaqtyng sayasatqa esh qatysy joq bolsa da, 1938 jyly «ýshtiktin» sheshimimen Qaraghandy týrmesinde atyldy. Júbayy Zýfnýn, balalary Noyan men Tamara, inileri Qúrmanghaly men Jәmel repressiyagha úshyrap, әr dәrejeli jaza tartty.

Mysaly, Mәskeude Nyghmet ústalghan son, bir ay ótpey júbayy Zýfnýn tútqyndaldy. Oghan әueli atu jazasy qoldanylsyn degen sheshim shygharylady, sonynan balalarynyng jasyn elegen bolu kerek, ol jazany on jylgha lagerige jiberilsin degen sheshimge auystyrady. Zýfnýn jengemiz basynda Butyrka týrmesine (Mәskeu) qamalyp, odan song Kareliya, ALJIR (Aqmola) lagerilerine aidalady. Lageride mezgilin ótep bosaghan son, Qaraghandy shahtasynda lampyshy bolyp isteydi. Sebebi 1956 j. reabilitasiya jarlyghy kelgenshe, oghan Mәskeu men Almatyda túrugha rúqsat bolmady. Nyghmetting eki balasyn (Noyan men Tamara) bir-birinen aiyryp, Reseyding eki qalasyndaghy (Saratov, Penza) balalar ýiine jiberedi. Tamara sonda syrqattan qaytys bolady, al Noyan ózining súrauy boyynsha maydangha ketedi. Soghystaghy erlikteri ýshin orden, medalidarmen marapattalyp, 1946 jyly eline qaytyp kelgen son, Almatydaghy Tau-ken metallurgiya institutynyng siyrek metaldar bólimine týsedi. Biraq onda «halyq jauynyn» balalary oqugha bolmaydy dep, basqa institutqa auysugha Noyandy mәjbýr etedi. Ony bitirgen song Almatyda, odan song Mәskeude injener-gidrogeolog bolyp qyzmet istedi. Noyan 1986 jyly 63 jasynda jýrek syrqatynan qaytys bolyp, Mәskeuding Vaganikov ziratynda jerlendi.

Kelesi repressiya qúrbany bolghan – Nyghmetting ózinen keyingi inisi Qúrmanghali. Ol Almatyda Kazpolk shtabynyng qyzmetkeri bolyp istep jýrgen jerinen tútqyndap, Komy ASSR-ning Vorkuta qalasyndaghy lagerige aidalady. Ol lageridegi túrmys jaghdayynyng adam shydamaytyn auyrtpalyghynan auyr syrqatqa shaldyghyp, qaytys bolady. Odan úly Kamel, qyzdary Aysha, Tamara qaldy. Keyinnen olar elge tanymal mamandar, injener, ghylym adamdary bolyp, ósip-óndi. Kamel KSRO Memlekettik jәne Ministrler Kenesi syilyqtarynyng laureaty, Aysha – himiya ghylymdarynyng kandidaty, dosent, Tamara – medisina ghylymdarynyng doktory, professor dәrejesine jetti.

Nyghmetting erkek kindikti tuystarynan tiri qalghany – auyldaghy kenje inisi Jәmel bolatyn (mening әkem). Ony da qaraly qasiretten tys qaldyrghan joq. Ol auyldan quylyp, Qaraghandy shahtasyndaghy trudarmiya qataryna jiberildi. Ákemning sodan tiri qaldy degen aty bolmasa, reabilitasiya qaghazyn alghansha ómiri auyr jaghdayda ótti. Ol repressiya zardabyn, soghys, soghystan keyingi qiynshylyqtardy basynan ótkizdi.

Qiynshylyq jyldary balalary jas, júbayy (sheshem) hat tanymaytyn adam edi. Bala-shaghasyn asyrau ýshin, ol júmysyna asa úqyptylyqpen qarap, kýni-týni sol júmys sonynda boldy. Tek 1956 jyly, aqtalu qaghazy kelgennen keyin, eline qaytyp, jaghdayy birshama jaqsardy. Asyl anamyz ben ardaqty әkemiz bastaryna tughan qiynshylyqtargha qaramay, segiz balasyn tәrbiyelep, ósirdi. Býgingi tanda bәri óz oryndaryn tauyp, balaly-shaghaly, nemereli, shóbereli bolyp otyr. Basynan ótken qayghy-qasiret, uayym әkemning densaulyghyna әserin tiygizip, 1976 jyly bar-joghy 64 jasynda ómirden ótti. Sheshem balalarynyng qyzyghyn biraz kórip, 1989 jyly 75 jasynda qaytys boldy.

Núrmaqovtyng tozaq pen ólimnen aman qalghan jaqyn tuystary óle-ólgenderinshe atamyz Núrmaqtyn, onyng balalary Nyghmet, Qúrmanghaliydin, nemeresi Tamaranyng jatqan jerlerin izdeumen ótkizdi. Jan-jaqqa jibergen súraularyna jauap ala almay, olar týbinde búl ómirden armanda ketti. Jogharyda aitylghan derekterge kónil audarsaq, Núrmaq semiyasynan tórt adam (Nyghmet, Qúrmanghali, Tamara, Noyan) 37-jyldyng jan týrshigerlik sayasatynyng saldarynan oryn alghan soyqyn jaghdaylardyng nәtiyjesinde óz elining topyraghy búiyrmay, Resey jerinde mәngilik oryn tauyp, sýiekteri sonda qaldy. Qazir bayqasam, sol jyldary milliondaghan qughyn- sýrginderdin, olardyng semiyalary men tuystarynyng taghdyrlary, ómir kórinisteri osynday, bir-birine úqsas ekenin bayqaugha bolady.

Ókinishke qaray, býgingi tanda sol jyldardaghy uaqighalardyng tikeley kuәsi bolghan adamdardyng sany siyrep barady, tipti joqqa jaqyndap qaldy deuge bolady. Sondyqtan әli de kózi tirilerding estelikterin jaryqqa túraqty jәne qomaqty tirajben shygharyp, jas buyngha týsindire jetkizu asa qajet. Repressiya jyldaryndaghy qazaqtar kórgen zardaptyng tarihy әli tolyq jәne jan-jaqty zerttelgen joq. Onyng kóptegen taraulary әli tyng jatyr. Ol – jas úrpaqtyng jәne bolashaqtyng enshisi. Mening osy esteligim solardyng bir kәdesine jarar degen oy tolqynynan tudy.

Aman Jәmelúly NÚRMAQOV, medisina ghylymdarynyn doktory, professor

«Obshestvennaya pozisiya» (proekt «DAT» №21 (385) ot 1 iinya 2017 g.