Hiuaz Dospanovanyng Shayahmetovke jazghan haty
Álqissa. Biyl Tәuelsiz Qazaqstannyng Qaruly kýshterining qúrylghanyna 25 jyl toldy. Qorghanys pen kýshtik qúrylymdardyng mereyli datasy memlekettik dengeyde atalyp ótilude. Áueli Qazaqstan armiyasynyng missiyasy - beybitshilikti ornatu ekeni belgili. Tәuelsiz Qazaqstan armiyasy qúrylghanda bekitilgen ereje boyynsha bizding sarbazdar soghys sharalaryna qatyspaydy. Degenmen keshegi tariyhqa kóz jýgirtsek, Ekinshi dýniyejýzilik soghys kezinde qazaq úl-qyzdarynyng asqan erlik kórsetkenin bilemiz.
Aqiqatynda, keshegi qandy soghys sarbazdary, býgingi ardager batyrlar Tәuelsiz Qazaqstan armiyasynyng negizin qalaushylar eken sózsiz.
Súrapyl soghys jyldary er-azamattargha bergisiz erlikke barghan qazaq qyzdary da boldy. Solardyng biri – Halyq Qaharmany Hiuaz Dospanova.
Qazaqstan Respublikasy Qaruly kýshterining 25 jyldyghy túsynda batyrlardy eske alghandy jón kórdik.
Hiuaz Qayyrqyzy Dospanova 1922 jyldyng 15 mamyrynda qazirgi Atyrau oblysy Qúrmanghazy audany, Zormata selolyq kenesinde dýniyege kelgen (búrynghy Bókey Ordasy, Primorie okrugi). Ol 1940 jyly Oral qalasyndaghy №1 orta mektepti altyn medalimen bitiredi. Bir ereksheligi, jas qyz jergilikti aeroklubty bitirip, zapastaghy pilot kuәligin qosa alady. Sol kezende elding ertengi – jas úrpaq dep, qiyngha solardy júmsap jatty. «Erteng soghys bastalsa, el joryqqa attansa, jas týlekter, dayyn bol!», «Bәrinen de biyikke, bәrinen de qashyqqa, bәrinen de shapshang úshayyq!» degen úranmen әskery әzirlik mektep qabyrghasynda-aq qolgha alynyp, jas jetkinshekterding kóbi kók jýzinde erkin samghar eren úshqysh boludy, Voroshilov atqyshy siyaqty mergen boludy ansady. Mektepti sәtti ayaqtaghan jas qyz Mәskeudegi 1919 jyly injener professor N.Jukovskiyding bastamasymen qúrylghan Jukovskiy atyndaghy (1922 jyly osynday atau berilgen) әskery – әue akademiyasyna qújat tapsyrghanymen, joly bolmady. Arman qughan jas IY.Sechenov atyndaghy Birinshi Mәskeu medisina institutyna oqugha týsedi. 1941 jyly soghystyng alghashqy kýnderi-aq ózi súranyp, astananyng qorghanys júmystaryna qalady.
«Metrostory» jýiesinde júmys istep, keyin eriktiler qatarynda memlekettik Qorghanys komiytetining qaramaghyna alyndy. 1941 jyldyng qazan aiynan armiya qatarynda Saratov qalasynda ornalasqan aviamektepte shturmandar kursynan ótedi. 1942 jyly Kenes Odaghynda túnghysh ret әielder aviapolki qúrylady. Búl polkti Kenester Odaghynda danqy jer jaryp túrghan әigili úshqysh Marina Raskova (1912-1943 j.j.) basqardy. Oghan 1938 jyly Mәskeuden Qiyr Shyghysqa deyin qonbay úshyp, eren erlik jasaghany ýshin Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry ataghy berilgen bolatyn. Búl qúrylghan aviapolkting bir ereksheligi, jau jatqan jerlerdi týngi mezgilde ghana bombalaytyn edi.
H.Dospanova agha leytenant E.Bershanskaya basqarghan polkte shturman-atqysh retinde 1942 jyldyng mamyr aiynda maydangha attanady. Polk Po-2 atalatyn jenil úshaqtarmen jabdyqtalyndy. Búl úshaqtar shamaly biyiktikte, u-shusyz, úshyp jýrip-aq nysanagha kýtpegen jerden kelip, mayda bombalardy jau ýstine tógip-tógip jiberetin. Alghashqy kezde fashistter Po-2 úshaghyna mensinbey qarap, mysqyldap: «Rus-Faner» dep jýrdi. Shyndyghynda Po-2 úshaghy aghashtan jasalyp, keneppen tystalghan úshaq ekeni ras. Bayau jýrisi, shaghyn biyikte úsha beretini, jeti týnde jau shebine kedergisiz jetip, dúshpandy asa bir dәldikpen bombalauyna qolayly boldy. Aerodrom talghamaytyn, birneshe shelek jagharmaymen kez kelgen alannan úsha salatyn, qona ketetin, kózge qorash, shaghyn úshaq jaudy aitarlyqtay shyghyngha úshyratty. Osy úshaqtaghy jau nysanalarynyng ýstine tura әkelip, bomba tastau, úshaqqa jau istribiytelideri shabuyl jasasa, oghan pulemetpen oq boratu, úshqysh jaralansa ne qaza tapsa úshaqty basqaryp, joryq jolyn odan әri jalghastyrugha mindetti edi. Sondyqtan da shabuyl kezinde shturmannyng orny erekshe boldy. Qazaqtyng úshqysh qyzy polk qúramynda shturman-atqysh qyzmetinde jýrip, 300-den astam әue shayqastaryna qatysty. Atalghan polk Ontýstik maydan, Soltýstik Kavkaz, Zakavkazie, Ukraina jәne Belarussiya aspandarynda әskery tapsyrmalardy oidaghyday oryndady. Aviapolk qúramynyng kórsetken erlikteri ýshin polk tuyna jauyngerlik Qyzyl Tu, Suvorov ordenderi taghyldy. Polkting jiyrma ýsh mýshesi eren erlikteri ýshin Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry ataghyn aldy. H.Dospanova turaly soghystan keyingi jaryq kórgen estelikterde onyng batyrlyghy men tapqyrlyghy, qiyndyqtan shyghyp ketetin sheberligi jayynda keninen jazyldy. Polktas qúrbysy, Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry Marina Chechneva óz esteliginde: «H.Dospanova – kózsiz batyrdyng naghyz ózi. Ol óz úshaghyn qashanda nysanagha qatesiz shygharyp, óz aerodromyna da joldy janylmay tabatyn» dep jazdy. Maydanda ol úshaqtan 14 ret qúlap tórt mәrte auyr jaraqat aldy. Auyr jaraqatynan aiyqqan song qaysar qyz әrdayym úrys dalasyna qayta oralyp otyrdy. Kubani jerinde 1943 jyldyng 1 sәuir kýni әskery tapsyrmadan oralyp, úshu alanyna qonuda Pashkova men Dospanovanyng samoleti Makagon men Svistunova basqaratyn úshaqpen soqtyghysyp qaluynyng nәtiyjesinde maydandas qúrbylar qaza tauyp, Hiuaz Dospanova óte auyr jaraqatpen, yaghny eki ayaghy birdey synyp, Essentuky qalasyndaghy әskery gospitaligha jiberildi. Degenmen de alty aidan song úshqysh qyz qarulas qúrbylarynyng sapyna qaytadan qosyldy. Búl oqigha turaly jauyngerlik dosy Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry Raisa Aronova bylay dep jazdy: «yliya Pashkova operasiya ýstelinde jantәsilim etti. Katya Dospanovadan da tirshilik nyshany bilinbey, ony mәiithanagha aparyp, qúrbysymen qatar saldy. Sosyn bir dәriger kezdeysoq kórip qalyp, onyng jýzi óli adamgha úqsamaytynyn bayqap qalady. Dereu bәri qyzdy ajaldan qútqaryp alugha kirisedi. O, ghajap, әlden uaqytta kirpigi qimyldap, ol kózin ashady». Sol kezdegi qaharman qazaq qyzynyng erligi turaly әskery tilshi, aqyn Saghynghaly Seytiov maydan gazetine maqala jariyalady. Soghysty Mәskeu týbinen qarsy alyp, jau ordasy Berlinge deyingi qiyan-keski shayqas jolyn maydandas qúrbylarymen birge basyp ótti.
Maydandaghy erligi ýshin «Qyzyl júldyz», «Qyzyl Tu», II dәrejeli «Otan soghysy» ordenderimen, «Kavkazdy qorghaghany ýshin», «Varshavany azat etkeni ýshin», «Germaniyany jengeni ýshin» medalidarymen marapattaldy.
Soghystan qaytqan II toptaghy mýgedek maydangerdi Batys Qazaqstan oblysy partiya komiytetining birinshi hatshysy Minaydar Salin júmysqa shaqyryp, núsqaushy etip qabyldaydy. 1946 jyly Almatydaghy joghary partiya mektebine oqugha jiberilip, ony da ýzdik bitiredi. 1948 jyly partiya mektebin ayaqtap jatqan Hiuaz Dospanovany respublika komsomolynyng IVsezinde respublikanyng birinshi hatshysy J.Shayahmetov Qazaqstan komsomoly Ortalyq komiytetining hatshylyghyna úsynady. «Sezd delegettary búl úsynysty birauyzdan maqúldady», deydi sol jyldardyng oqighasyna kuәger býgingi kýnderi respublikalyq dәrejedegi zeynetker, memleket, qogham qayratkeri Biybijamal Ramazanova.
Keyin Hiuaz Qayyrqyzy birinshi hatshy bolyp saylanady. Osy qyzmette onyng úiymdastyrushylyq qabileti bar qyrynan kórinip, respublika jastarynyng jalyndy jetekshisine ainaldy. 1948 jyly komsomoldyng 30 jyldyghyna jәne Otan aldyndaghy qiraghan halyq sharuashylyghy qalpyna keltiru jyldaryndaghy eren enbegi ýshin memeleket tarapynan Enbek Qyzyl Tu ordenimen marapattalady.
Qazaqstan Respublikasy Preziydenti múraghaty qorynda saqtalghan qújattardyng birinde 1950 jyldardyng basynda respublika komsomol úiymynyng jetekshisi H.Dospanovanyn Qazaqstan Kompartiyasy Ortalyq Komiytetining birinshi hatshysy J.Shayahmetovke jazghan qyzmettik haty saqtalghan. 50-jyldardyng basynda Qazaqstan jәne Orta Aziya respublikalary arasynda spartakiada oiyndary ótkiziledi. Osy ótkizilgen sporttyq jarystargha Qazaqstan qúrama komandalaryda qatysqan. Voleybol oiynynda elimizding qúramasy oiynshylarynyng basym bóligin Almaty oqu oryndarynyng studentteri qúraghan, olar sabaqtan bosatylmay, jarysqa jiberilmey qalady. Oiyn barysynda komanda sәtsiz oiyn órnegin kórsetip, jeniliske úshyraydy. Komanda negizinen «agha» últ ókilderinen qúrylghan bolatyn-dy. Spartakiadanyng jabyluyna baylanysty ótkizilgen saltanatty sharada osy jaghdaygha renjigen respublika tuyn alyp jýruge tiyisti voleybol komandasy tudy stadion alanyna laqtyryp ketkenin bayanday kelip, apamyz «Men búl jaghdaygha beyjay qara almaymyn, komandanyng jenilgenine emes, elimning tuynyng ayaq asty bolghanyna qatty qapalymyn. Sondyqtan da sizde búl mәselege prinsiptik túrghyda qaraydy dep senemin», - dep jazady. Mine, eline, elining memlekettik rәmizine degen qúrmetpen qaraudyng bir ýlgisi. «Qylyshynan qan tamghan» dep jazghyryp jýrgen keshegi Kenestik zamannyng ózinde-aq búl mәselege agha buyn ókilderining qalay qaraghanyn, olardyng is – әreketinen memleketshil túlghalardyng is-әreketin kóretinimiz de sondyqtan da bolar degen oy keledi.
Qazaq KSR-i Prezidiumnyng hatshysy qyzmetin atqarghan B.Ramazanova «Hiuaz Dospanovamen qyzmettes boldym, ol kisi respublika komsomol úiymynyng jetekshisi bolyp túrghan tústa men Almaty oblystyq komsomol úiymynyng birinshi hatshysy boldym, júmys barysynda tym qatal, artyq ketedi dep estigenimmen, biraq jeke basym qyzmet barysynda ol kisining artyq ketip, dórekilik kórsetkenin eshqashanda kórgenim joq» - dep eske alady.
Qazaqstan Kompartiyasynyng Ortalyq Komiytetining mәdeniyet jәne ghylym bólimi mengerushisining orynbasary qyzmetinde jýrgen tústa «Abay» operasy men «Shoqan Uәlihanov» dramasyn sahnalaugha jәne «Medeu» sport keshenin salugha, tarihy manyzy bar enseli ghimarattardyng qúrylysyna aralasyp, kóptegen iygi júmystardyng ortasynan tabyldy. 1951 jyly Qazaq KSR-nyng Jogharghy Kenesine deputat bolyp saylanady jәne birinshi sessiyasynda Prezidiumnyn hatshylyghyna saylanady.
Zeynetkerlikke shyghar aldynda Almaty qalalyq partiya komiytetining hatshysy qyzmetin atqardy. Soghystaghyday qatang tәrtipke baghynghan, asa alghyr da batyl, shyndyq ýshin shyryldap arasha týsetin әdil jan keybir jergilikti basshylargha únay qoymaghany da ras. Maydannan alghan auyr jaraqaty, mýgedektigin t.b. syltaular arqyly mezgilinen búryn 1959 jyly 37 jasynda zeynetkerlikke shyghardy.
Zeynetkerlikke shyqqannan keyingi jyldary Hiuaz apay qan maydanda birge bolghan polktarstarymen Jenis kýni Mәskeu qalasyndaghy ýlken teatr aldynda jinalyp, kezdesip túrdy.
Keyin zeynetkerlikke shyqqan song 3-4 jylday Hiuaz Qayyrqyzy Jenis kýni qarsanynda Prezidiumda hatshylyqta jýrgen maghan kelip, Mәskeuge maydandastarymen kezdesuge bara jatqanyn aityp shyghatyn edi, al men mýmkindigimshe kassadan 60 rublidey qarajat bóldiretin edim, bizge de qarajattyng esepteuli ekendigi de belgili ghoy, degenmen de jol jýrip bara jatqan qaysar jangha demeu bolsyn degen niyet edi» - deydi B.Ramazanova.
Qaytys bolarynan bir apta búryn tughan kýnine oray qúttyqtaugha barghan Almaty qalasy ardagerler kenesining mýshesi, soghys jәne qúqyq qorghau organynyng ardageri Orynghaly Esenghaziyevke qúrdasy, jerlesi retinde ayaghy synyp, auyryp jatqan Hiuaz Qayyrqyzynyng әzil – qaljynyn aityp jatuy da, onyng ruhy myqty adam ekendigin dәleldey týsedi.
H.Dospanovagha 2004 jyly Qazaqstan Respublikasy Preziydenti N.Á. Nazarbaevtyng Jarlyghymen Halyq Qaharmany ataghy men «Otan» ordeni berildi.
Ruhy myqty, halqymyzdyng maqtanyshyna ainalghan «qanatty qyz» H.Dospanovanyng jýregi 2008 jyldyng 21 mamyrynda Almaty qalasynda soghuyn toqtatty. Jerleu rәsimine tәuelsiz elimizding túnghysh Halyq Qaharmany, armiya generaly, Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry S.Núrmaghambetov qatysyp, qazaqtyng túnghysh úshqysh qyzyna songhy ret әskery qúrmet kórsetuining ózi úlaghattylyqtyng ýlgisi bolmaq.
«... Óz basym halqym qarghamaytyn, úrpaghymdy úyaltpaytyn ómir keshtim ghoy deymin. Al men siyaqty әjelerding oilaytyny – otbasynyn, Otanynyng tynyshtyghy ghana», - degen eken bir sózinde halqymyzdyng qaharman qyzy. Osy sózding ózinde qaysar qazaq qyzynyng kemeldigi men kemengerligin bayqaymyz. Halyqtyng batyr qyzynyng erligi men danqy eshuaqytta úmytylmaq emes.
Aqqaly Ahmet, H.Dosmúhamedov atyndaghy Atyrau memlekettik uniyversiytetining professory
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