Terrorizm mәselesi songhy uaqytqa deyin elimizde últtyq qauipsizdikke naqty qauip tóndiretindey dәrejede emes, al yqtimal qauip-qater retinde ghana qarastyrylyp keldi. Sondyqtan da bolar, elimizding últtyq qauipsizdik jýiesi basqa qaterlerge qarsy, aitalyq etnosaralyq shiyelenis, esirtki tasymalynyng jolyn kesu, zansyz migrasiya siyaqty qauip-qaterlerge tótep beruge beyimdelgen edi. Qazaqstandyq jәne sheteldik sarapshylarda terrorizm problemasy Qazaqstangha tónip túrghan naqty qauip emes, al Ortalyq Aziyadaghy jalpy ahual ayasynda qarastyryp keldi (әsirese 1999 jylghy aqpandaghy Tashkenttegi teraktiden jәne 1999-2000 jyldary Qyrghyzstannyng Ontýstigindegi Batken oqighasynan keyin). Qoghamdyq pikirde de terrorizm Qazaqstanda negizinen syrtqy qauip-qater retinde retinde qabyldandy.

 

Terrorizm qauip-qaterine

qarsy baghyttalghan negizgi qadamdar

Terrorizm mәselesi songhy uaqytqa deyin elimizde últtyq qauipsizdikke naqty qauip tóndiretindey dәrejede emes, al yqtimal qauip-qater retinde ghana qarastyrylyp keldi. Sondyqtan da bolar, elimizding últtyq qauipsizdik jýiesi basqa qaterlerge qarsy, aitalyq etnosaralyq shiyelenis, esirtki tasymalynyng jolyn kesu, zansyz migrasiya siyaqty qauip-qaterlerge tótep beruge beyimdelgen edi. Qazaqstandyq jәne sheteldik sarapshylarda terrorizm problemasy Qazaqstangha tónip túrghan naqty qauip emes, al Ortalyq Aziyadaghy jalpy ahual ayasynda qarastyryp keldi (әsirese 1999 jylghy aqpandaghy Tashkenttegi teraktiden jәne 1999-2000 jyldary Qyrghyzstannyng Ontýstigindegi Batken oqighasynan keyin). Qoghamdyq pikirde de terrorizm Qazaqstanda negizinen syrtqy qauip-qater retinde retinde qabyldandy.

 

Terrorizm qauip-qaterine

qarsy baghyttalghan negizgi qadamdar

Degenmen, aimaqtaghy basqa eldermen salystyrghanda Qazaqstanda terroristik jәne ekstremistik is-әrketterdi anyqtau jәne onyng jolyn kesu ýshin zannamalyq jәne úiymdastyrushylyq negizderdi jasau jәne jetildiru jóninde aitarlyqtay júmystar atqaryldy. 1999 jylghy shildede respublikada terrorizmge qarsy kýresting qúqyqtyq jәne úiymdastyrushylyq negizderin, memlekettik organdardyng jәne barlyq menshiktik formalaryndaghy úiymdardyng qyzmet tәrtibin, sonday-aq terrorizmge qarsy kýresti jýzege asyrumen baylanysty azamattardyng qúqyqtaryn, mindetteri men kepildikterin aiqyndaytyn «Terrorizmge qarsy kýres turaly» zang qabyldandy.

2003 jylghy jeltoqsanda Preziydentting jarlyghymen terrorizmning jәne diny ekstremizmning kórinisterimen kýreste barlyq qauipsizdik qorghau qúrylymdarynyng neghúrlym tiyimdi júmys isteui ýshin Últtyq qauipsizdik komiytetining Terrorizmge qarsy kýres ortalyghy qúryldy jәne oghan barlyq arnayy qúrylymdardyn, qúqyq qorghau organdarynyng jәne ózge de vedomstvolardyng qyzmetin ýilestiru jýkteldi.

2006 jylghy qazanda QR Bas Prokurorynyng mәlimdemesi boyynsha QR Jogharghy Sotymen kelesi halyqaralyq úiymdar terroristik dep tanylyp, olardyng Qazaqstan territoriyasyndaghy qyzmetine tyiym salyndy:

1. «Ál-Kaeda»;

2. «Shyghys Týrkistan islam partiyasy»;

3. «Kýrd halyqtyq kongresi»;

4. «Ózbekistan islam qozghalysy»;

5. «Ásbat-әl-Ansar»;

6. «Músylman bauyrlary»;

7. «Taliban» qozghalysy»;

8. «Boz Kúrt»;

9. «Ortalyq Aziya modjahedter jamaghaty»;

10. «Lashqar-iy-Tәiba»;

11. «Áleumettik reformalar qoghamy».

Keyin Astana qalasy sotynyng sheshimimen sonday-aq «Hizb-ut-Tahriyr-әl-islamiy», «Aum Sinriyke» jәne Shyghys Týrkistandy azat etu úiymy úiymdarynyng qyzmetine tyiym salyndy.

Kórip otyrghanymyzday, atalmysh «qara tizimge» engizilgen barlyq úiymdar halyqaralyq terroristik qúrylymdar bolyp tabylady, olardyng qyzmeti kóbinese Qazaqstannyng ainalasyna, kórshi elderge qarsy baghyttalghan bolatyn. Búl jaghday olardyng bizden góri syrtqy elderge tónip túrghan qauip-qater ekenin rastaghanday boldy.

Osy túrghyda Qazaqstan TMD Terrorizmge qarsy kýres ortalyghy, Shanhay Yntymaqtastyq úiymy Terrorizmge qarsy aimaqtyq qúrylymy siyaqty úiymdardyng mýshesi bola otyryp, terrorizm men ekstremizmge qarsy kýres jelisinde halyqaralyq yntymaqtastyqty belsendi týrde damytty jәne damytyp keledi.

 

Búlynghyr eles pe әlde súmdyqtyng súlbasy ma?

Songhy uaqytqa deyin terrorizm qoghamnyng kýn tәrtibinde alystaghy qauip-qaterding bir búlynghyr elesi siyaqty qabyldanyp keldi.

Alayda ótken jyldyng mynaday oqighalary:

- 2010 jylghy mausymda bolghan Manghystau oblysynda qatang tәrtiptegi koloniyadan diny ekstremistik úiymnyng mýshelerining jappay qashyp shyghuy. Búl qashyp shyghudyng joghary dengeyde úiymdastyryluy jәne qatygezdigi, sonday-aq resmy emes habarlama boyynsha qashqyndardyng bir bóligi ózin-ózi jaryp jiberui erekshe nazar audartty;

- Soltýstik Kavkazda terroristik is-әreketti jýzege asyrugha qatysty kýdikpen Qazaqstan azamattarynyng Resey aumaghynda qolgha týsui.

Sonday-aq aghymdaghy jyldyng basyndaghy mynaday oqighalar:

- biylghy jylghy sәuirde ótkizilgen IIM «Súnqar» tandauly bólimshesining ekstremistik toptyng mýshelerine qarsy arnayy operasiyasy;

- Qazaqstan azamattarynyng RF-nyng Ontýstik óniri aumaghyndaghy terroristik is-әreketterge qatysuynyng jana faktileri;

- 17 mamyrdaghy Aqtóbe oblysy boyynsha ÚQKD ghimaratynda keybir derekter boyynsha diny ekstremistik úiymnyng mýshesi bolghan azamattyng ózin-ózi jaryp jiberui;

- 24 mamyrda Astana ÚQKD uaqytsha ústau izolyatory ghimaratynyng janynda avtokólikting jaryluy. Jarylys zatynyng iske qosyluyna baylanysty mashinada bolghan eki adam sol jerde jan tapsyrghan.

Atalghan oqighalar qogham ishinde alandaushylyqtughyzdy jәne de búl jaghday qúzyretti organdar tarapynan der kezindegi tolyq jәne obektivti aqparat bolmauynan ushygha týsti. Qogham nazaryna búryn ilige bermeytin «telefondyq terrorizm» oqighalarynyng ózi de búrynghyday emes erekshe әsermen qabyldanatyn boldy.

Osylaysha, Aqtóbe men Astanadaghy jarylystardyng qalaysha baghalanatynyna, sonday-aq búl oqighalardyng artynda kimder, qanday kýshter, sebepter túrghanyna qaramastan, ókinishke qaray, bizding elimizde terrorizm qauip-qaterining kýn ótken sayyn kýsheyip bara jatqanyn eriksiz  moyyndaugha tura keledi:

- Qazaqstan azamattarynyng basqa elderding jerinde terroristik is-әreketke qatysuyn kuәlandyratyn mәlimetter jiyilep ketti;

- Bizding elimizding aumaghynda da ekstremistik jәne terroristik is-әreketpen baylanysty qylmys jasaghany ýshin qylmystyq jauapkershilikke tartylghan qazaqstandyqtardyng sany da óse týsude. Mәselen, atap aitqanda 2008-2009 jyldary resmy derekter boyynsha elde 7 terroristik oqighasynyng joly kesildi (Kazakhstan Today Aqparat agenttigi, 14.10.09 j., http://www.today.kz/ru/news/kazakhstan/2009-10-14/teract). Sondyqtan da terrorizm problemasy búryn bizge alystaghy qater bolyp kórinse, býgingi kýni últtyq qauipsizdikke tikeley qauip-qater tóndiretin sipat aluda.

 

Qazaqstanda terroristik qauip-qaterding ýdey týsu kezenderi

Shyn mәnisinde, terrorizm kórinisteri Qazaqstanda búryn da oryn alghan bolatyn. Osy rette keybir zertteushiler 1992 jylghy aqpanda Shymkent qalasynyng әuejayynda kepilge adam alumen baylanysty oqighalardy qarastyrady. Basqalar 2000 jyly Almatynyng ortalyghynda qaruly ekstremistik toptyng mýshelerin joyyp jiberu mysalyn keltiredi. Biraq búlar terrorizmning jekelegen, jergilikti kórinisteri bolatyn jәne de búl әreketter kóbinese kriminaldy sipatta edi.

Tútastay alghanda, Qazaqstanda terroristik qauip-qaterding ýdeu týsuining shartty týrde ýsh kezenin bólip aitugha bolady:

 

1. «Qashqyn terrorister»

(90-jyldardyng sony - 2000-jyldardyng basy)

 

On jyl búryn Qazaqstan ýshin terrorizm problemasy kóbinese respublika aumaghynda qashqyn terroristerdin, yaghny terroristik is-әreketi jәne zansyz әskery qúrylymdargha qatysqany ýshin basqa memleketting azamattarynyng bizde elde jasyrynuymen baylanysty boldy.

Mәselen, 2000-2004 jyldary Qazaqstannyng qúqyq qorghau organdary terroristik is-әreketi ýshin bizding elimizding aumaghyna kelip jasyrynghan Ózbekstannyng segiz azamatyn ústap, ózbek jaghyna berdi.

2004-2005 jyldary Qazaqstannyng aumaghynda 11 adam ústalyp, Reseyge, Ózbekstangha jәne birqatar basqa elderge jóneltildi (Zakon.kz Aqparat agenttigi, http://www.zakon.kz/68872-za-uchastie-v-terroristicheskojj.html, 03.02.06j.).

2006 jyly Qazaqstanda terrorizmge qatysy bar degen 13 adam ústaldy. Qylmyskerlerding kópshiligi - Resey, Ózbekistan, Týrkiya jәne Qytay azamattary. (http://studies.agentura.ru/centres/cap/itogi2005-2006)

 

2. «Syrttan kelip arbau kezeni»

(2000-jyldardyng basy men ortasy)

 

Búl kezende Qazaqstan azamattarynyng irgeles elderding de, alys shetelderding de aumaqtaryndaghy terroristik is-әreketke tartylu oqighalarynyng jiyileui bayqalady. Eng shuly oqigha - Ózbekstandaghy 2004 jyly terroristik aksiyalardy úiymdastyrghan «Ortalyq Aziya modjahedter jamaghaty» terroristik tobynyng әshkerelenui. Atalghan topqa Qazaqstan azamattary da kirgen, olar óz pikirleri boyynsha kóbinese «músylmandardyng qúqyqtaryn ayaqqa basqan Ózbekstannyng biyligine qarsy» qylmystyq әreket etken.

Sonday-aq Qazaqstan azamattary Aughanstan jәne birqatar basqa elderding aumaqtarynda zansyz әskery qúrylymdardyng is-әreketine qatysqan siyaqty degen aqparat keninen tarady. Mәselen, Guantanamo týrmesining tútqyndarynyng biri Qazaqstan azamaty bolyp shyqty. Sondyqtan 2005 jyly belgili amerikandyq «Últtyq barlau kenesi» ýkimettik emes úiymy «Bolashaq jahandyq karta» dep atalatyn taldamaly-boljamdyq bayandamasyn jariya etip, onda Qazaqstan Reseymen, Ázirbayjanmen jәne Týrkmenstanmen qatar radikaldy toptar oryn tepken jәne arnauly dayyndyqtan ótken әri lankestik әreketter jasaudyng tәjiriybesi bar «djihadtyng kәsiby jauyngerleri» túratyn ónirlerge jatqyzyldy. Basqasha aitqanda, terrorizmning qauip-qaterine az úshyraghan el dep sanalatyn bizding elimiz osy kezende әrtýrli saraptama mәlimetterinde atala bastady.

 

3. «Jergilikti nemese «ózimizding terrorister»

(2000 jyldardyng ayaghynan bastap)

 

Búl kezeng bir jaghynan Qazaqstan azamattarynyng basqa elderding aumaghynda terroristik is-әreketterge qatysu jaghdayynyng jii kezdesuimen sipattalady.

Mysaly, 2009 jyldyng shilde aiynda Daghystanda jýrgizilgen arnayy operasiya kezinde segiz terrorist óltirilip, qúqyq qorghau organdarynyng mәlimetteri boyynsha olardyng beseuinde qazaqstandyq tólqújattar tabylghan (Diapazon gazeti, 16.02.11j, http://diapazon.kz/kazakhstan/kaz-incidents/35804-zachem-pugat-rossijan-terroristami-iz-kazakhstana.html ).

2009 jyldyng 19 shildesinde qyrghyz qauipsizdik qorghau qyzmetteri Bishkekte jәne elding ontýstiginde terroristik әreketke qatysy bar degen kýdikpen 18 adamdy tútqyngha aldy, olardyng arasynda Qyrghyzstan, Ózbekstan jәne Qazaqstan azamattary bolghan (Vesti.kz internet-sayty, 17.07.2009j., http://vesti.kz/asia/19917/ ).

2010 jyldyng 19 qyrkýieginde tәjik qaruly kýshteri Tәjikstannyng Rasht alabynda jýrgizilgen arnayy operasiya kezinde óltirilgen bir qylmyskerden Qazaqstan azamatynyng tólqújatyn tapqan (Paruskg.info internet-sayty 22.04.11j.,  http://www.paruskg.info/2011/04/22/42848 ).

2011 jyldyng 19 qantarynda Qazaqstannyng Syrtqy ister ministrligi Bishkekte teraktilerdi úiymdastyrugha qatysy bar degen kýdikpen Qazaqstan azamatynyng tútqyngha alynghandyghyn rastady (Gazeta.kz Aqparat agenttigi, 19.01.11j., http://news.gazeta.kz/art.asp?aid=331922 ).

2011 jyldyng aqpanynda Mahachkalada Qazaqstannyng azamattary bolyp tabylatyn - 1989 jyly tuylghan, Alibert Ábdikәrimov jәne 1990 jyly tuylghan Rayynbek Erjanov zansyz qaruly toptargha qatysy bar degen kýdikpen tútqyndaldy (Tengrinews.kz internet-sayty, 31.03.11j. http://tengrinews.kz/crime/182829).

Jәne osy kezende, ekinshi jaghynan, bizding elimizding aumaghynda terroristik is-әreketti jýzege asyrugha talpynystar kórine bastady. Búl jóninde myna keste kuәlandyrady.

 

Elimizding aumaghynda terroristik is-әreketke baylanysty qylmys jasaghany ýshin tútqyndalghan jәne sottalghan adamdar sany

	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009***	2010	2011 I-toqcan
Jauapkershilikke tartylghan adamdar sany	116	220	66	333	114	222	224	331	7

* 2009 jyldan bastap - Qazaqstan Respublikasy QK-nyng tómendegi baptary boyynsha sottalghan adamdar boyynsha mәlimetter

168 baby - biylikti zorlyqpen basyp alu

233 baby - Terrorizm

233-1 baby - Terrorizmdi nasihattau jәne terrorizm aktisin oryndaugha ashyqtan-ashyq shaqyru

233-2 baby - Terroristik topty qúru, basshylyq etu jәne onyng әreketine qatysu

 

Sondyqtan da Aqtóbe men Astanadaghy songhy oqighalardyng terroristik astary rastalatyny nemese rastalmaytynyna qaramastan, elimizde terrorizm qauip-qateri kýsheyip kele jatqanyn moyyndaugha tura keledi. 2010 jyly qyrkýiekte «??????.info» ekstremistik sayttardyng birinde qazaqstandyq polisiya qyzmetkerlerine qarsy jihad turaly atalmysh ýndeu jariyalanyp, ol jay ghana «qarsylasugha» emes, toptyq qaruly shabuyldy úiymdastyrugha shaqyru mazmúnynda boldy. Búl saytta qúqyq qorghau organdarynyng qyzmetkerlerine qarsy teraktiler qalay úiymdastyryluy kerek ekendigin ekstremizmning iydeologtary tolyq jәne egjey-tegjeyli týsindirgen. Mýmkin qazaqstandyq qúqyq qorghau organdarynda búl materialdargha jәne sayttardyng ózderine aitarlyqtay mәn bermegen bolar. Búl sayttardyng birden jabylmaghandyghy bizding joramaldy rastaytyn siyaqty. Tek Aqtóbe men Astanadaghy jarylystardan bir ay ótkennen keyin baryp Qazaqstan Respublikasy Bas prokuraturasy mazmúny terrorizm men ekstremizmdi nasihattau men ony jaqtaugha tyiymdy búzghan 15 sheteldik sayttardyng anyqtalghanyn jariyalady. Olardyng Qazaqstan Respublikasy aumaghynda taraluy sot jýzinde zansyz dep tabylyp jәne qazaqstandyq tútynushylardyng materialdargha qol jetimdiligin shekteu boyynsha sharalar qoldandy.

 

Kezdeysoq jarylystar ma әlde qauipsizdik qorghau qúrylymdaryna

qarsy maqsatty týrde shabuyl ma?

 

Kóptegen sarapshylar Aqtóbe men Astanadaghy jarylystardyng arnauly qyzmet ghimarattary - Últtyq qauipsizdik komiytetinde bolghandyghyna birden nazar audardy. Birinshi jaghdayda jarylys oblystyq departament ghimaratynda, ekinshisi - uaqytsha tergeu izolyatory kire berisining aldynda bolghan. Áriyne, tek eki faktige negizdelip, qanday da bir baylanys pen zandylyq jóninde kesip aitu qiyn. Ázirge sarapshylar tek qosymsha dәlelderdi keltiredi, sonyng ishinde, eki jarylys arasyndaghy merzimning qysqalyghy men jarylys bolghan obektilerding ózi. Odan ózge elderdegi osynday jaghdaylargha qaraghanda Aqtóbe men Astanada bolghan jarylystardan keyin eshqanday da úiym ózine jauapkershilikti almaghandyghyn atap ótu kerek. Al anonimdi terakt - búl nonsens, óitkeni kez-kelgen terakt әdette әuel bastan-aq keninen aqparattyq jәne qoghamdyq rezonans tudyrugha baghyttalatynyn atap ótu qajet. Sondyqtan da Aqtóbe men Astanadaghy oqighalardy bir tizbekte nemese qanday da bir jospargha sәikes arnayy aksiyalardyng seriyasy retinde qarastyru asyghystyq bolar edi.

Alayda qúqyq qorghau organdaryna qarsy maqsatty týrde shabuyl jasau - terroristik toptardyng taktikalarynyng biri ekendigin de aitu kerek. Mysaly, Reseyding Kavkaz aumaghynda tirkelgen terroristik is-әreket boyynsha salystyrmaly mәlimetter osy jóninde kuәlandyrady.

Aytalyq, 2009 jyly Ingushetiyada 4 terakt bolsa, onyng 3-i qúqyq qorghau vedomstvolaryna qarsy baghyttalghan («Severnyy Kavkaz» gazeti, 05.04.2010j. ).

Daghystanda 2009 jyly 9 terakt oryn alghan, onyng 8-i qúqyq qorghau organdaryna qarsy. Al 2010 jyldyng qantar-qazanynda 8 teraktiler oryn aldy, olardyng 5-i qaruly kýshterge qatysty bolghan jәne barlyghyn - terrorist-jankeshtiler iske asyrghan (RIA Novosty Aqparat agenttigi, 24.10.10j.,).

Biraq osynday is-әreketter tek Kavkazgha ghana tәn emes, úqsas taktika birqatar Ortalyq Aziya elderinde de de bayqalady.

Mәselen, 2010 jyldyng 3 qazanynda Hudjand qalasynda Tәjikstannyng IIM ónirlik basqarma ghimaratynda terrorist-jankeshti óz-ózin jaryp jiberdi («Vesti» portaly, 03.09.10j., http://www.vesti.ru/doc.html?id=390046).

2010 jyldyng 30 qarashasynda Bishkekte byltyrghy jyldyng sәuirinde sheruge qatysushylardy atu jóninde is qaralyp jatqan Sport sarayynyng ghimaratynda eki jarylys oryn aldy, qúqyq qorghau organdarynyng eki qyzmetkeri zardap shekti (Tengrinews.kz internet-sayty, 30.11.10j. http://tengrinews.kz/events/92034).

2010 jyldyng 25 jeltoqsanynda Bishkekte qalalyq ishki ister basqarmasynyng ghimaratynda 30 qarashada jarylghangha úqsas bomba zalalsyzdandyryldy (http://www.newsru.com, internet-sayt, 25.10.10j., http://www.newsru.com/world/25dec2010/guvd2.html).

2011 jylghy 5 qantarda Bishkekte tólqújattardy josparly tekseru barysynda ýsh milisiya qyzmetkeri óltirildi (http://www.newsru.com, internet-sayt, 05.01.11j., http://www.newsru.com/world/05jan2011/kyrgyzia.html).

Sondyqtan sarapshylardyng «qauipsizdik qorghau organdaryna» qarsy arnayy baghyttaluy mýmkin býgingi terroristik belsendilik taktikasyna nazar audaruy kezdeysoqtyq emes. Olardyng pikirinshe, múnday is-әreketter birneshe maqsatqa qol jetkizuge mýmkindik beredi.

Birinshiden, búl qauipsizdik qorghau vedomstvolarynyng bedelin týsiruge baghyttalghan, sóitip olar qoghamdyq pikirde tipti ózderining obektileri men qyzmetkerlerin qorghay almaytynday bolyp qylyp kórsetu.

Ekinshiden, jemqorlyqqa qarsy belsendi kýres - jol jәne qarjy polisiyasy, keden organdarynyn, prokuratura qyzmetkerlerining biliksizdigi men jemqorlyghynyng kóptegen oqighalarynyng BAQ-nda keninen jariyalanuyn eskersek, terakt obektilerin qauipsizdik qorghau vedomstvolary arasynan tandau qogham tarapynan jappay aiyptau tudyrmay, tipti keybir adamdar tarapynan múnday әreket ayaushylyq pen qúptau tudyruy da mýmkin.

Ýshinshiden, Soltýstik Kavkaz jәne basqa terroristik is-әreket oshaqtarynyng tәjiriybesinen kóretinimiz, qúqyq qorghau organdaryna arnayy qarsy әreketterdi úiymdastyru, nәtiyjesinde qauipsizdik jýiesin ghana emes, jalpy biylik jýiesin әlsiretuge yqpalyn tiygizu mýmkin.

Qarsy is-әreketter

 

Eger býgingi terroristik belsendilik josparly sipatta bolatyndyghy turaly sarapshylardyng tújyrymy dúrys bolsa, onda terroristik qauip-qaterding artuyna jol bermeu maqsatynda arnayy keshendi is-sharalar qoldanu qajet.

-       terroristik qauip-qaterlerding aldyn alu týrleri men әdisterin jetildiru qajet. Búghan deyin terrorizm qaupi boluy yqtimal qúbylys retinde qarastyrylyp kelse, al býginde arnauly qyzmetterge shynayy jaghdayda terrorizmmen kýreste praktikalyq tәjiriybesi men daghdylaryn shyndau qajet.

-        strategiyalyq infraqúrylym obektilerin (múnay-gaz qúbyrlary, su-jylumen qamtu kәsiporyndaryn),  sonday-aq memlekettik manyzy bar basqa da obektilerdi ghana qorghaugha erekshe den qoymay, sonymen qatar terrorizmning saldarynan bolghan tótenshe jaghdaylarda túrghyndardy da qorghaugha baghyttalghan sharalardy da qatar kýsheytu. Mәselen jer silkinisi sekildi stihiyalyq apat kezindegidey, azamattardyng ózderi de, tiyisti qyzmetter de daghdarysty jaghdayda qalay әreket etu kerektigin bilui tiyis.

-       uaqytyly jәne bilikti týsindiru júmystaryn jýrgizu boyynsha jýieni retke keltiruge erekshe nazar audaru qajet. Sebebi obektivti, uaqytyly jәne tengerimdi aqparat beru týrli dengeydegi qauesetterding oryn aluyna jәne basqa da arandatushylyqqa jol bermeuge mýmkindik beredi.

Biraq, eng bastysy terrorizm qaupi tek memleketting jazalaushy qyzmetining kýshengine, nemese arnauly qyzmetterdi nyghaytugha ghana negizdelmey, al birinshi kezekte, terrorizmning taraluyna yqpal etetin alghysharttar men sebepterdi jonggha baghyttaluy qajet. Býginde sarapshylar arasynda terrorizmning payda boluyna qatysty ortaq pikir joq. Bireuleri әleumettik-ekonomikalyq mәselelerdin (kedeyshilik, joqshylyq, qoghamnyng marginaldanuy) ushyghuy sebepshi dep esepteydi. Ózgeleri - negizin sayasy rejimnin (qoghamnyng ashyq\jabyq dәrejesi, bilim dengeyi, qúqyq jәne erkindik dengeyi) ereksheliginen kóredi. Ýshinshileri - terrorizmning negizinde әleumettik mәdeny ózgeris (belgili bir qúndylyqtar men adamgershilik normalarynyng qúnsyzdanuy) jatyr dep esepteydi.

Alayda qanday-da bir basqa qúbylys sekildi terrorizmning de payda boluyna sebepterding kesheni men kýrdeli shiyelenisken motivter әser etetinin týsinu qajet. Al Qazaqstan jaghdayynda terrorizm qauip-qaterining kýshengine yqpal etetin ýsh negizgi faktordy bólip kórsetuge bolady.

Birinshiden, әleumettik depressiya faktory, әleumettik mobilidilik kanaldarynyng jәne liftilerining joq boluy. Qoghamnyng marginaldanuy, sonymen qatar baylar men kedeyler arasyndaghy alshaqtyq sharyqtau shegine jetkende әleumettik qarsylyqtar tuyndaydy, olardyng bir týri teraktiler boluy mýmkin.

Ekinshiden, iydeologiyalyq saladaghy memlekettik sayasat tiyimdiligining tómendigi, sonyng ishinde diny jәne etnosaralyq salada, til jәne din sayasatyn jýrgizudegi formalizm. Diny ister boyynsha arnayy agenttikting de qúryluy osy salada jýieli is-әreketterding qajettiligin biylikting de moyyndap otyrghanyn kórsetke kerek.

Ýshinshiden, terrorizm jaghdayyna shekaralas memleketterdegi «shiyelenistik oshaqtarynyn» boluy ýlken yqpal etedi. Bizding jaghdayda Ortalyq Aziyada túraqsyzdyqtyng saqtaluy aimaqtyq qauipsizdikting negizgi bir faktory. Mysaly, Qyrghyzstandaghy sayasy daghdarystyng ushyghuy jәne Tәjikstanda oryn alghan qaruly qaqtyghystar. Osyghan baylanysty Tәjikstanda, Qyrghyzstanda jәne Ózbekstanda týrli sipattaghy ekstremistik jәne terroristik úiymdardyng jandanuy.

 

Últtyq qauipsizdik dillemasy

Jyl sayyn terrorizm indeksin jariyalap otyratyn, «Maple Croft» britan kompaniyasynyng mәlimetteri boyynsha Grenlandiya men Antarktidany esepke almaghanda, әlemde terrorizm qaupi tónip túrmaghan aimaq joq.

Osynday jikteu boyynsha Qazaqstan terrorizm qaupi tómen elder qataryna jatady jәne kóptegen europalyq eldermen bir dengeyde ornalasqan. Al Úlybritaniya, Fransiya, Ispaniya jәne AQSh sekildi elderde qauip-qater dengeyi aitarlyqtay joghary. Sondyqtan, terrorizm ortaq qauip-qater.

Sonymen birge terrorizm qaupin dúrys baghalamay, ony elemey jәne jekeley alynghan elde qauipting ózin joqqa shygharugha bolmaydy. Biraq terrorizmdi asyra baghalaugha da bolmaydy, qoghamda dýrbeleng salyp jәne ýrey men qorqynysh úyalatyp, qoghamdyq rezonans әserin kýsheytu arqyly terroristerge qoldau kórsetuge bolmaydy, sebebi kez-kelgen terakt eng aldymen, keng aqparattyq әserge eseptelgen. Osynday tengerimdi ústap túru qauipsizdikti qamtamasyz etuding tiyimdi jýiesin qalyptastyrugha mýmkindik beredi. Biraq, eng bastysy - terrorizm, ekstremizm siyaqty qauip-qaterge tótep berip, tiyimdi qarsy túrudyng eng basty sharty - ol qogham men biylikting ózara kelisimi, últtyq birlik. Osy zúlymdyqpen ondaghan jyldar boyy kýresip kele jatqan basqa elderding tәjiriyebesin zerttep qarasaq, birden bayqaytynymyz - birligin shayqaltyp, nesheme sebeptermen ishtey bólinip, jiktelip otyrghan qogham, el, memleket ghana osy qauipting qúrbanyna ainaluy yqtimal. Sondyqtan, osy da, basqa da qazirgi zamannyng synaqtary men qaterlerine qarsy túru ýshin - eng aldymen, qoghamnyng jikteluine, bólinuine jol bermeu kerek.

 

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