• Shoqan Uәlihanovtyng kóptomdyq shygharmalar jinaghynyng birinshi tomyna kirgen búl maqalany yqshamdap, tegin tanugha talpynysy bar úrpaqtyng qajetine jarar dýnie retinde jariyalap otyrmyz.

Redaksiya

Ot әulie (kiyeli) bolyp sanalady... Qarghys... Otqa týkiruge, oshaqty basugha bolmaydy. Jana týsken kelin (kýieuinin) әkesining ýiine kirip, sәlem jasap, «aruaq» razy bolsyn» dep taghzym etip, otqa bir qasyq may qúy kerek. Jas kelin sәlem etkende, aruaq razy bolsyn dep, tize býgip, enkeyip, mandayyn edenge tiygizedi. Otqa tamyzghan may janyp jatqanda, jas kelinning enesi nemese әielderding biri alaqanyn otqa qyzdyryp, kelinning betin sipaydy. Ýlken ýiding otynyng qúrmetine dep, qalyndyq atasynyng iyghyna shapan jabady, otaghasy jas kelindi: «IYin qandyryp iylegen teridey, minezing júmsaq bolsyn, qara-  ghym», - dep bata berip, tulaqqa, qoy terisine otyrghyzady. Jan beru (ant) beru ýshin, eki jerden ot jaghyp, adam sol eki ottyng arasynan ótip, kisi óltirgen myltyqtyng únghysyn sýnge tiyis.

Jelúshyq - jelmen úshyqtau, yrym-joralyq emdeuding týri.

• Shoqan Uәlihanovtyng kóptomdyq shygharmalar jinaghynyng birinshi tomyna kirgen búl maqalany yqshamdap, tegin tanugha talpynysy bar úrpaqtyng qajetine jarar dýnie retinde jariyalap otyrmyz.

Redaksiya

Ot әulie (kiyeli) bolyp sanalady... Qarghys... Otqa týkiruge, oshaqty basugha bolmaydy. Jana týsken kelin (kýieuinin) әkesining ýiine kirip, sәlem jasap, «aruaq» razy bolsyn» dep taghzym etip, otqa bir qasyq may qúy kerek. Jas kelin sәlem etkende, aruaq razy bolsyn dep, tize býgip, enkeyip, mandayyn edenge tiygizedi. Otqa tamyzghan may janyp jatqanda, jas kelinning enesi nemese әielderding biri alaqanyn otqa qyzdyryp, kelinning betin sipaydy. Ýlken ýiding otynyng qúrmetine dep, qalyndyq atasynyng iyghyna shapan jabady, otaghasy jas kelindi: «IYin qandyryp iylegen teridey, minezing júmsaq bolsyn, qara-  ghym», - dep bata berip, tulaqqa, qoy terisine otyrghyzady. Jan beru (ant) beru ýshin, eki jerden ot jaghyp, adam sol eki ottyng arasynan ótip, kisi óltirgen myltyqtyng únghysyn sýnge tiyis.

Jelúshyq - jelmen úshyqtau, yrym-joralyq emdeuding týri.

Otpen emdeuding bir týri: maldyng jeti mýshesinen et kesip alyp, otqa qaqtap auyrghan jerdi qyzdyrady (әsirese sarp auruynda). Aurudan tazartu ýshin, otqa qanyldyr shómishti qyp-qyzyl etip qyzdyrady, sodan song oghan may qúiyp, kók shýberek salady, ol tútanyp janghanda, aurudyng múrnyna jaqyndatyp, shómishke suyq su qúyady. Osy kezde qatty bu shyghady. Emdeuding búl týrin jelúshyq deydi.

Jana tughan aidy kórgende, ýsh ret úshyp túryp, ýsh ret iyiledi de, jerden shóp júlyp alyp, ýige alyp kelip, otqa tastaydy.

Aruaq - ata-baba ruhy, basqa qiyn qystau kýn týskende, jan qinalghanda: «Aruaq, qolday kór, qoltyghymnan jebey kór!» - dep aitady. Qúrban shalarda, siyrdan ay mýiizdi, asha túyaqty (otbasyn jelep-jebeydi), qoydan bozqasqa jәne sarybas qoy - aqsarbas, bauyrsaq qúlaqty kók qoy, qúlaghy tilingen, qasqa tisti, qasqasy bar appaq aqqasqa, sonday-aq alghashqy tuma tóldi qúrban shalady. Eger qúrbangha atalghan tólding basy - túmsany qimasa, ataghan maldyng silekeyin basqa maldyng basyna jaghyp qúrban shalady. Adam ólgende aruaghyna arnap, qyryq kýnge deyin, әr kýn bir shyraqtan jaghady nemese tórt kýn shyraq jaghady. Shyraqty bosaghanyng ong jaghyna jaghady, sebebi ólgen kisining aruaghy qyryq kýnge deyin ýige kelip, balalardyng jay-kýiin bilip jýredi. Sol ýshin kýn batyp, shyraq jaghylghansha, inirde esikti ashyp, tostaghangha qymyz qúiyp, bosaghagha aq kiyiz tóseydi, osylay ólgen adamnyng aruaghyn kýtedi. Ýidegiler ólgen adamgha Qúran oqyp, tostaghangha qymyz qúiyp, shyraq jaghady.

Ólikti ýiden shyghararda: «Qúdaydan býtin deneng alysta», - dep, ýy mýlikterin, tamaqty ólikting mýrdesinen ainaldyryp ótedi.

Jerge tabynbaydy, jyn jinalady dep, aruaqtardan qorqyp jәne abaylamay jýrgennen sarp auruy bolady dep eski júrtty baspaydy. Tek kóktemde shyqqan kókti júlmaydy.

Tabighattyng barlyq tosyn qúbylystary kórinis bergen jerlerdi qasiyetti dep sanaydy. Ol jerlerde әulie týnedi dep úghady. Barlyq qorghandardy oba dep ataydy. Qúlan týzdegi jalghyz aghash bolsyn nemese bútaqtary qisyq, siyqsyz ósimdik qasiyetti sanalyp, týnemelik oryn bolady, janynan ótkende, adamdar kiyimning bir jyrtysyn, shýberek, attyng qylyn baylaydy, ydys-ayaq tastap, mal soyady. Túzdy kólder de әuliye, ne aruaqtyng kózi týsken ken dep atalady.

Jalpy, mal kóshpendilerding jalghyz baylyghy bolghandyqtan, әrtýrli tyiymdar bar: maldyng sýiegin baspaydy, eger sýt tógilse, kesir bolmasyn dep, sol jerdi jaqsylap tazalaydy, razylyghyn alu ýshin ong qolyn mandayyna, iyegine, ong iyghyna , sodan song sol iyghyna aparyp, tәu etedi. Sonday-aq jylqynyng jelisin attaghanda da tәu etedi, sebebi jelining de kiyesi bolady. Ústanyng temir tósin kórse, tәu etedi. Jylqyshynyng qúryghynan, balta, baqannyng ýstinen attamaydy, «Baqan attaghan bayymaydy, balta basqan jarymaydy» degen sóz bar...

Eger qyrghyz týnde siyr kórse, qamshymen tartyp jiberuge tiyis, sebebi týnde siyrdy jyn-shaytan, periler minip alady. Eshki maly qyrghyzdarda syily januar sanatyna jatpaydy. Tórt týlik maldyng arasyndaghy erekshe belgileri barlary qútty januar bolyp sanalady. Mysaly, qyrghyzdardyng týsiniginshe, jaly men qúiryghyn shaytan órip tastaghan jylqy qútty sanalyp, eshkimge berilmeydi, sebebi sol malmen birge qút-bereke ketedi, eger berilse, silekeyin alady. Mysaly, jylqynyng jalynan qyl júlyp alyp, ketetin maldyng auzyna salyp, silekeylep qaltasyna salyp qoyady.

Sonday-aq japalaq, ýki, toqyldaq, kók qargha, kókekke tiyispeydi. Songhysy ertede adam bolypty degen anyz bar. Bir auylgha kýieu kelip, aty joghalady. Qalyndyqtyng sinlisi atty izdeuge shyghyp, bir ayaghyna óz etigin, ekinshi ayaghyna kýieuding etigin kiyedi. Búl kóktem mezgilinde bolsa kerek, mine, sondyqtan da kókekting bir ayaghy qyzyl, ekinshi ayaghy kók, sol sebepti de «aty joq kókek» dep aitady. Kókekting qasiyeti bar, kókek qonghan bútaqty alyp, may mol bolady dep, sýti bar sabagha (búl sýt - irkit dep atalady) salady.

Islam dini bir qúdaygha senu men tәnirshildikti (biriktire otyryp) jәne jyn, tәni joq ruhtar, peri, shaytandardyng bar ekenin aityp, shamandyqtaghy albasty turaly úghymdy joya almady. Periler músylman jәne kәpir boldy. Kәpir dinindegi periler adamgha ýnemi jamandyq әkelushi - lashyn, býrkit beynelerinde jýredi.

Jyn - baqsy sóilesetin ruh. Onyng әrqaysysynyng aty bar. Jyndar kәri, jas, erkek, әiel bolyp keledi. Baqsylar men halyqtyng seniminshe, jyndar adam beynesinde bolady.

Albasty - әielder bosanghanda ziyan keltiretin ruh. Olardy jeztyrnaq dep te ataydy. Olardyng basshysy - sórelding (biyik aghashtardyng basyn mekendeytin miftik tirshilik iyesi) boyy 3 sajyn, keudesi qushyq, qalghan jerining bәri ayaq, túyaghy jinishke.

Músylmandar aurudyng atyn jyn dep te ataydy. Ol shashyn tarqatyp jibergen boyjetken qyz beynesinde, emshekteri salbyrap túrghandyqtan, iyghyna salyp jýredi.

Sórel - peri keybir ertegilerde albastynyng kýieui, key ertegi boyynsha әrqily beynelerge ene alady. Qalyng jynys ormanda túrady, týri adamgha úqsas, biraq keudesi tym úzyn, aghashtarmen tenesedi. Adamdy qytyqtap óltiredi, búl - orystyng orman perisi...

Eger adam joryqta qaza bolsa, jasaq auylgha jaqyndaghanda «oy bauyrymdap» ólgen adamnyng ýiine ataq qoyady, myltyq atyp, ýiding bosaghasyn nayzamen týirep, qylyshpen shabady.

Aynalmaq degen, ózin-ózi sadaqqa, qúrbandyqqa qiyatyn yrym bar. Ózin bireuding jolynda qúrban ettim degen adam ony ýsh ret ainalady. Qústy ústap, bastan ýsh ret ainaldyryp, erkine jiberedi. Bar auru-syrqau, pәleket sol qúspen birge ketedi. Adam osylay istep, ózin ruh retinde sezinedi. Olarda jaqsy kórgen adamyna «aynalayyn» dep aitady. Anasy balasyna «Aynalayyn, qaraghym, shyraghym» dep til qatady.

Qyrghyzdardaghy barlyq kóregen, sәuegeydi baqsy deydi. Baqsylar sәuegeyligin ózderining jyndary atynan aitady. Baqsylar olardy músylman dinine ynghaylastyryp, perishte ataydy. Aqiqat dindegi halyq olardyng kiyeliligine senbese de, olardy jyn dep atasa da, olardyng kýshine, jamandyq jasaytynyna senedi.

Demek, barlyq auru men baqytsyzdyq - jyndardyng jamandyghy. Al olardyng da baqsy jyndaryna ózi emdegen adamyna jamandyq jasamaudy ótine alady...

Jyny bar әielderdi «elti» dep ataydy, olar da baqsy.

Jauyrynshylar qoydyng jauyrynymen bal ashady, qúmalaqshylarda, qúmalaqtar retpen qoyylady, olardyng sany - qyryq bir. Búl ekeui jii qoldanylady. Qúmalaqpen bal ashudy Daniyar payghambar qoldanghan desedi. Jauyrynmen bal ashu - jauyryndy otqa qyzdyrghanda oghan týsken belgi - syzyqshagha negizdeledi. Baqsylardyng aituynsha, jauyryn jeti halyqtyng taghdyryn, patshalardy ólimin, ólim-jitimdi jәne sayahatshylardyng taghdyryn kórsete alady.

Baqsylardyng arasyndaghy myqtylary - kýidirilmegen jauyrynmen bal ashatyndar. Jauyryn bal ashugha paydalanylady, pisirgen song eti jelinedi, biraq tis sýiekke tiymeui kerek, jauyryndy otqa tastaghanda, janynda temir jatpaugha tiyis. Qúmalaqshynyng bal ashqany men ony jauyrynshynyng týsindirgeni jayly anekdot.

Elti, negizinen, otqa may tastap, jalynnyng týsine qarap bal ashady. Eger ottyng jalyny ashyq týste bolsa - jaqsylyqtyng nyshany, al ottyng jalyny qaraqoshqyl jәne qyzyl bolsa - jamandyqtyng nyshany. Elti bal ashqan kezde, odan jyndary tanghajayyp qylyqtar jasaudy talap etedi. Elti ýnemi su ishedi, bir shelek iship qoyady nemese auzyn toltyryp nasybay atady.

Aua rayyn boljaytyndardy esepshi dep ataydy. Olardyng tújyrymynsha, aua rayy ainalmaly qúbylysta. Olar alifa saratannan bastap - esepteydi, sәuir jәne zauza shoqjúldyzy, onyng birinshi kýni qarashanyng birinshi kýnine jәne qauys shoqjúldyzyna (tamyz) sәikes keledi.

«Obshestvennaya pozisiya»

(proekt «DAT» № 26 (109) 13 shilde 2011 jyl