"Jihadqa" shaqyryp jýrgender - takfirshilder
Islamdaghy keri aghymdar, solardyng ishinde salafitter әreketinen Aqtóbe, Atyrau, Batys Qazaqstan jәne Manghystau, Qaraghandy oblystarynda respublikanyng ózge aimaqtaryna qaraghanda diny jaghdaylardyng shiyelenisti órbui anyq bayqalady.
«Tura joldy» ústanushy salafitterding pikirinshe, býgingi kýnge deyin qazaqtardyn, dәstýrli músylmandyq joldy ústanyp kelgen ózgelerding de diny týsinik, ústanymdary dúrys emes. Olar dinge janalyq engizgen «biydghatshylar», Allagha serik qosqan «shirk» jasaushylar. Óz pikirlerin arab elderindegi, әsirese Saud Arabiyasyndaghy «sheyh» diny ghalymdardyng aitqandarymen dәleldeudi әdetke ainaldyrghan. Yaghni, qazirgi músylman jamaghatynyng búrynghy ata-baba diny jolymen jýrem degeni bekershilik. Ol adasugha alyp barady degendi algha tartady.
Osy pikirdegi salafitter óz arasynda shartty týrde «madhalitter», «sururitter» dep bólingen. Solardyng qatarynda dәstýrli hanafy ústanymdaghy dindarlargha ashyq qarsy shyghyp, qazirgi memlekettik qúrylym men zandaryna qarsy «jihadqa» shaqyryp jýrgenderi, әri sol jolda qandy oqighalardy qoldaytyndary - «takfirshilder». Olar ýshin ateist adam týgili, kýndelikti bes namazyn qaza etpeytin qarapayym músylmandardyng ózi «adasushy» qatarynan tabyluy mýmkin. Olar qazirgi qoghamdy túraqsyzdandyrugha, ózderining «jabyq» ortasyn qúrugha úmtylys jasauda. Tәkfirshilder ýshin últtyq qúndylyqtar men erekshelikter, salt-sana, dәstýrding esh mәni joq.
Islamdaghy keri aghymdar, solardyng ishinde salafitter әreketinen Aqtóbe, Atyrau, Batys Qazaqstan jәne Manghystau, Qaraghandy oblystarynda respublikanyng ózge aimaqtaryna qaraghanda diny jaghdaylardyng shiyelenisti órbui anyq bayqalady.
«Tura joldy» ústanushy salafitterding pikirinshe, býgingi kýnge deyin qazaqtardyn, dәstýrli músylmandyq joldy ústanyp kelgen ózgelerding de diny týsinik, ústanymdary dúrys emes. Olar dinge janalyq engizgen «biydghatshylar», Allagha serik qosqan «shirk» jasaushylar. Óz pikirlerin arab elderindegi, әsirese Saud Arabiyasyndaghy «sheyh» diny ghalymdardyng aitqandarymen dәleldeudi әdetke ainaldyrghan. Yaghni, qazirgi músylman jamaghatynyng búrynghy ata-baba diny jolymen jýrem degeni bekershilik. Ol adasugha alyp barady degendi algha tartady.
Osy pikirdegi salafitter óz arasynda shartty týrde «madhalitter», «sururitter» dep bólingen. Solardyng qatarynda dәstýrli hanafy ústanymdaghy dindarlargha ashyq qarsy shyghyp, qazirgi memlekettik qúrylym men zandaryna qarsy «jihadqa» shaqyryp jýrgenderi, әri sol jolda qandy oqighalardy qoldaytyndary - «takfirshilder». Olar ýshin ateist adam týgili, kýndelikti bes namazyn qaza etpeytin qarapayym músylmandardyng ózi «adasushy» qatarynan tabyluy mýmkin. Olar qazirgi qoghamdy túraqsyzdandyrugha, ózderining «jabyq» ortasyn qúrugha úmtylys jasauda. Tәkfirshilder ýshin últtyq qúndylyqtar men erekshelikter, salt-sana, dәstýrding esh mәni joq.
Salafitter qataryndaghy madhalitter tәkfirshilderge qaraghanda biylikke baghynu iydeyasyn qoldap, memlekettik jýieni ózgertudi jaqtamaydy. Olardyng basty iydeologiyasy adamdardy tura din jolynan «adasqan», «janalyq qosushy» dep aiyptaugha baghyttalghan. Sonday-aq, olar Qazaqstan aumaghynda taraghan sopylyq jolyna tózimsizdikpen qaraydy. Osy túrghydan kelgende bizding elimiz ýshin «salafizm»-ning qanday týri bolmasyn qoghamgha jat ústanym ekendigin dәleldep jatudyng qajettiligi shamaly dep bilemiz. Salafizm iydeologiyasyn qoldaushylar óz qataryn kóbeytu jolynda әrtýrli әdisterdi, sonyng ishinde Internet jýiesin epti paydalanyp, jymysqy әreketterin jalghastyruyn toqtata qoymaghan.
Jalghan uaghyzdarymen dindar jamaghatty adastyryp, qylmystyq jolgha iytermelep otyrghan diny úiymnyng biri - «Hizb-ut-tahriyr». Onyng әrektteri qoghamdaghy etnikaaralyq (evrey últy men AQSh azamattaryna qarsy) jәne konfessiyaaralyq (hristiandar men basqa dinderge qarsy) qatynastardy búzugha baghyttalyp, qogham tynyshtyghyn búzudy kózdeydi. Islam talaptary ýstemdik etetin Halifat qúru iydeyasyn tyqpalap, negizgi júmystaryn halyqtyng túrmysy nashar ortasynda jýrgizuge tyrysady. Sondaghy maqsaty - olargha materialdy kómek kórsete otyra, óz qataryn tolyqtyru.
Diny ekstremistik әreketterding Qazaqstan jerinde boy kórsetui әrtýrli jaghdaylarmen týsindiriledi. Mәselen, reseylik sarapshy A.Sobyaninning payymdauynsha, islam radikalizmin taratu - músylman emes elderding arnayy qyzmet oryndarynyng maqsatty isi. Al, islam elderi ishinde radikaldy islamdy arab elderi men Pakistan qoldaydy.
Sonday-aq Qazaqstandaghy diny ahualdyng órbui onyng ishki jaghdayymen ghana emes, Ortalyq Aziya jәne alys-jaqyn basqa elderdegi sayasiy-әleumettik ahualmen de baylanysty degen de pikirler aitylady. Árina, biz búl pikirlerdi negissiz dep aita almaymyz. Sol sebepten de bizding kenestik kezende de músylmandyq senim әserinen alys ajyray qomaghan kórshi Orta Aziya elderindegi qoghamdyq-sayasy jaghdaydyng qalypty damuyna alandaushylyqpen qaraytynymyz da ras. Qazirgi uaqytta sol elderding keybirinde islamdyq iydeyalarmen býrkengen kýshter memlekettik biylikke oppozisiya qúrap sayasy jolmen bolsyn, qaruly joldarmen bolsyn, biylikti qoldaryna alu mýmkindikterin qarastyryp otyrghany da belgili.
Islamdy zerttep jýrgen ghalym-sarapshylar Qazaqstandaghy dindar jamaghattyng aghymdargha bólinu sebepterin, aldymen, әleumettik faktorlarmen baylanystyrady. Yaghny ómirden ornyn tappaghan, túrmys-tirshiligi nashar adamdar, kóp jaghdayda, kónil júbanyshtaryn dinnen tabugha tyrysady. Osy ontayly jaghdaylardy óz maqsattaryna paydalanugha úmtylghan radikaldy iydeologiyany taratushylar «otqa may qúya týsip», óz ornyn tappay jýrgenderge Qúran sózderin ózderine qajetti mazmúnda týsindirip milaryn ulady, osylaysha «tyghyryqtan shyghar joldy» kórsetken bolady.
Diny ekstremizmning payda boluy men kórinisteri búl kýnderi jan-jaqty zerttelip, oghan qarsy túrudyng sayasiy-әleumettik, qúqyqtyq tetikteri jasaldy, әri olar jyldan-jylgha jetildirilude. Sonyng nәtiyjesinde birqatar keri aghymdar qyzmeti toqtatylyp, olardyng jymysqy әreketteri jalpy halyq aldynda әshkerelendi. Ekstremistik jәne lankestik әreketteri ýshin qanshama azamattar, solardyng qatarynda jastar bas bostandyqtarynan airylyp, abaqtygha jabyldy.
Desek te, diny saladaghy mәselelerdi sheshude 2011 jyly qabyldanghan «Diny qyzmet jәne diny birlestikter turaly» Zannyng pәrmendiligi erekshe baghalandy. Sonyng negizinde Qazaqstandaghy diny birlestikterding qyzmeti zandy týrde rettelip, diny toptar men úiymdardyng óz betimen әreket etuining joly kesildi. Osy júmystardy oidaghyday jýzege asyra bilgen Din isteri agenttigi býginde basqa da memlekettik organdarmen birlese otyryp diny saldaghy ózekti de ótkir mәselerdi sheshu joldaryn Qazaqstan Respublikasy Ýkimeti aldyna qoida. Solardyng qatarynda halyqtyng әleumettik jaghdayyn jaqsartyp, túrmys-tirshiligin jenildetu mәselelerine basa kónil bólingen.
Ghalym, sarapshylardyng pikirinshe, qazirgi uaqytta oryn alyp otyrghan mazhabty moyyndamau, últtyq erekshelikterdi joqqa shygharu, «hijab» mәselelerining tuyndauyn diny sauatsyzdyqtan izdeu qajet. Sondyqtan, osy baghyttaghy júmystardy halyqtyng jalpy diny sauatyn ashu, olargha zayyrly qogham men dinning ara qatynasyn sauatty týsindire biluden bastaghan jón deydi. Osy pikirlerding negizsiz emestigine kózin jetkizgen Din ister agenttigi keng diny aghartu, aqparattyq nasihat júmystaryn jýrgizudi qolgha aldy. Onday júmystar qoghamnyng barlyq dengeyin qamtyp, joghary jәne orta oqu oryndary studentteri men oqushylary, qala, audan, auyl túrghyndary arasynda, әskery bólimshelerde, týzetu oryndarynda ótkizilude. Nasihat toptaryna teolog ghalym, sarapshylardan, qoghamdyq pәnder mamandary men Qazaqstan músylmandary diny basqarmasynyng bilikti imam, qyzmetkerleri tartylghan. Atap ótu kerek, osy jýrgizgen júmystar nәtiyjesinde halyqtyng biraz bóligining keri diny aghymdar men dәstýrli hanafy ústanymy jóninde dúrys úghym qalyptasyp, bilim dengeyleri ósti.
Kópshilikti qamtityn sharalardyng qatarynda Din isteri agenttigi men oblys әkimdikteri birlesip ótkizip otyrghan respublikalyq konferensiyalar men seminarlar, «dóngelek ýstelder» de atap ótu oryndy. Ol sharalargha otandyq ghalym, teologtarmen qatar shet elderden bilikti mamandar shaqyryluda. Olar elimizding alys aumaqtaryna deyin baryp, dәrister oqyp, «islam dinindegi mazhab ústaudyng qajettigi men paydasy», «salafizmning ziyany men zardaptary», «jihadizm men takfirshildik iydeologiyasynyng islammen syiymsyzdyghy», «maturidy aqidasynyng hanafiylik ilimning jalghasy» taqyryptarynda bilimderimen bólisude. Olar Qazaqstannyng din salasyndaghy sayasatyna rizashylyqpen qarap, osy elde qay dinning bolmasyn tirshilik etuine qolayly ekendigin jasyrmaydy.
Jogharyda aityp ótkenimizdey, radikaldy iydeologiyanyng taraluyn qúqyqtyq nemese kýsh kórsetumen ghana toqtatu mýmkin emestigin oryndy týsingen Qazaqstan jergilikti diniy-ruhany birden-bir joly dәstýrli diny ústanymdy keninen damytugha basa kónil bólude. Osy rette Qazaqstan músylmandary diny basqarmasy júmysynyng belsendiligin arttyrugha, diny qyzmetkerleri men imamdary qatarynyng bilikti mamandarmen tolyqtyryluyna tiyisti qoldau kórsetude. Meshit imamdarynyng bilimine arnayy kónil bólinip, tiyisti dayyndyq kurstarynda diny pәndermen qatar memleketting qúrylysy men zandaryna qatysty pәnderden dәrister oqytyluda.
Osylaysha, diny ekstremizm әreketteri men diny adasushylyqqa jol bermeude túrghyndar arasynda diny aghartushylyq tәrbiyeleu júmystaryna basa mәn berilude. Sonymen birge atqarylyp otyrghan júmystardyng әserli boluynda búqaralyq aqparat qúraldarynyng da manyzy men róli eskerilude. Olarda qazirgi kýni atqarylghan sharalardy jaryqqa shygharyp habarlaumen qatar, arnayy diny mәseleler, últtyq qúndylyqtar tónireginde baghdarlamalar, tok-shoular úiymdastyryluda. Aqparattyq zamanda ómirdegi kelensizdikter men diny ekstremizm iydeologiyalary, lankestikke jol bermeu, olardyng aldyn aluda BAQ qúraldarynyng orny men mýmkindikteri zor ekendigi mәlim. Sondyqtan onyng júmysy odan әri belsendire týspek.
Jalpy radikaldy diny iydeologiyagha qarsy túra bilu jan-jaqty qarastyrylghan, keshendi is-sharalardy jýrgizudi talap etedi. Osy jәne Elbasynyng 2012 jylghy Qazaqstan halqyna Joldauyndaghy algha qoyghan mindetterin eskere kelip, qazirgi kýni «Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng 2013-2017 jyldargha arnalghan diny ekstremizm men terrorizmge qarsy is-qimyl jónindegi baghdarlamasy» jasaldy. Endigi rette onda qarastyrylghan is-sharalardy jýzege asyrudyng joldary men mýmkindikteri qarastyryluda.
Qazirgi kezde dindi tek jekelegen adamdargha ghana emes, memleket ýshin de qajetti dep týsine bilgen jón. Óitkeni qoghamda mýshelerining boyynda adamgershilik qasiyetterding qalyptasyp damuyndaghy dinning әleueti men tәrbiyelik róli memleket ýshin qajetti, sondyqtan ol dindi sayasiy-qoghamdyq ómirden yghystyryp shygharugha, qysym kórsetuge úmtylmaydy. Al memleketting túraqtylyghy men sayasi-ekonomikalyq jaghdayynyng kýshengi dinning de qalypty damyp, óz mindetterin atqaruyna mýmkindik beretini ras, әri ol osyghan mýddeli boluy kerek. Osynday ózara kelisim men jarasymdyqqa qol jetkizgende biz qazirgi diny adasushylyq pen alauyzdyqqa toytarys bere alarymyz anyq.
Mekejanov Baltabay Uәjitúly, QR Din isteri agenttigining Islam diny birlestiktermen baylanystar jónindegi basqarma bastyghy
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