Sianida býgin Qytay-Ortalyq Aziya sammiytining negizgi is-sharalary bastalady. Aymaqtyng bes memleketining Qytaymen qarym-qatynasy, baylanysy búl joly eng joghary dengeyde talqylanghaly otyr.

Qazaqstannyng Qytaymen serikestigi qoghamda kóptegen súraq tughyzatyny belgili. Qoghamda milliardtan astam halqy bar kórshi elden qauiptenetinder de az emes. Osy rette Ulysmedia.kz tilshisi Preziydent әkimshiligi basshysynyng orynbasary – preziydentting baspasóz hatshysy Ruslan Jeldibaydy sózge tartyp kórdi.

– Ruslan Súltanúly, «Qytay – Ortalyq Aziya» sammiyti shenberinde Qazaqstan Qytaymen naqty qanday baghytta әriptestikti kýsheytkeli jatyr? Naqty qay salada qanday kelisimder jasalyp, qanday qújattargha qol qoyylady?

– Búl sammit Qytaydyng orasan zor ekonomikalyq mýmkindikterimen úshtastyru túrghysynan óte manyzdy alan. 2020 jyly 16 shildede «Ortalyq Aziya – Qytay» joghary dengeydegi platformasy beynekonferensiya formatynda ótip, oghan aimaq elderining syrtqy ister ministrleri qatysqanyn bilesizder. Qatysushylar OA men QHR arasynda jan-jaqty yntymaqtastyqty jandandyru mәselesin qarastyrdy. Býgingi sammitte memleketter basshylary halyqaralyq ahualdyng ózgerisi jaghdayynda osy uaghdalastyqty ary qaray iske asyrudyng joldaryn talqylaydy.

Kóne Siani qalasynda Qasym-Jomart Kemelúly Qazaqstan preziydenti bolyp qayta saylanghan song jәne Sy Szinipin myrza Qytay tóraghasy bolyp jana merzimge saylanghan keyin alghashqy ret kezdesip otyr. Qos memleket basshysynyng arasynda dostyq pen syilastyq negizindegi qarym-qatynas ornaghan.

Memleket basshysy sammitte birneshe baghyttaghy úsynysty ortagha salady. Mysaly, biz Qytaymen jәne Ortalyq Aziya elderimen ózara tauar ainalymyn arttyrugha, elektrondy kommersiya, kólik-logistika infraqúrylymyn damytugha, ónerkәsip, energetika, múnay-gaz, auylsharuashylyghy, turizm salalarynda yntymaqtastyqty damytugha mol mýmkindik bar dep sanaymyz.

Sonymen qatar  memleket basshysy Qasym-Jomart Toqaev QHR tóraghasy Sy Szinipinmen kezdesip, ózara kelissóz jýrgizdi. Kelissóz qorytyndysy boyynsha eki el basshylary Birlesken mәlimdeme jasady.

Ekijaqty bekitilgen qújattardyng qatarynda týrli saladaghy kelisim, memorandum men hattamalar bar. Búdan bólek, preziydent Qytaydyng iri kompaniyalarymen kezdesip, elimizdegi investisiya salugha layyq baghyttardy tanystyrdy. Qytay kompaniyalarynyng investisiya saludaghy qarjylyq әleueti men  tәjiriybesi joghary. Memlekettik sapar ayasynda qúny 22 milliard dollar bolatyn 47 qújatqa qol qoyyldy. Búl – qos memleketting ekijaqty sauda-ekonomikalyq, kólik-logistikalyq, investisiyalyq jәne mәdeniy-gumanitarlyq qatynasyna tyng serpin beretin kelisimder.

– Sammitting Sianida ótip jatqanynyng simvolikalyq mәni bary aitylady. Jalpy, Batys Europa – Batys Qytay jobasyna mýddeli Qytay tarapy logistika, jýk tasymaly túrghysynan Qazaqstangha qanday da bir úsynys bildirip jatyr ma?

– Siani – Qytay órkeniyetining altyn besigi. Ol jóninde preziydent juyrda SSTV arnasyna bergen súhbatynda aitty. Ekinshiden, Siani qalasy jәne Shenisy provinsiyasy– Qytay bastamashy bolghan «Bir jol–bir beldeu» jobasynyng (Belt and Road Initiative) manyzdy bóligi. Sol súhbatta memleket basshysy Qytaydyng «Bir jol – bir beldeu» bastamasyn Qazaqstansyz tabysty jýzege asyru mýmkin emes ekenin de aitqan bolatyn. Óitkeni qúrlyqtaghy manyzdy kólik dәlizderi Qazaqstan aumaghy arqyly ótedi. Sondyqtan atalghan kólik-logistika baghytyn barynsha damytugha Qytay da, Qazaqstan da mýddeli.

Qazaqstannyng kólik-logistikalyq infraqúrylymy «Núrly jol» baghdarlamasy, Lyaniunigan portyndaghy birlesken logistikalyq terminaly jәne «Qorghas» qúrghaq porty, sonymen qosa «Batys Europa-Batys Qytay» tas joly, Transkaspiy halyqaralyq kólik dәlizi arqyly keneyip keledi. Memleketter arasynda 5 túraqty shekaralyq punkt, 5 transshekaralyq múnay jәne gaz qúbyry, 2 shekara many temirjol jelileri jәne halyqaralyq shekara many yntymaqtastyghy ortalyghy júmys isteydi.

Qazir eki elding ýkimetteri Baqty – Tachen uchaskesinde ýshinshi temirjol shekara ótkelin ashu jәne Baqty – Ayagóz temirjol jelisin salu boyynsha birlesip júmys isteuge kiristi. Sonday-aq byltyr úzyndyghy 836 shaqyrym bolatyn Dostyq – Moyynty temirjol uchaskesining ekinshi jolynyng qúrylysy bastaldy. Onyng qúrylysyn 2025 jyldyng sonyna qaray ayaqtau josparlanyp otyr. Qytay tarapy Szinhe – Alashanikou temirjolyn salugha kiristi.

Ayryqsha atap óterlik jayt, sapar ayasynda preziydent Siani qúrghaq portynyng qúrylysyn saltanatty týrde iske qosty. Búl hab Shenisy aimaghyn Qazaqstanmen, Ortalyq Aziyamen baylanystyrady. Ári qaray Europagha, Týrkiyagha jәne Irangha jol ashady.  Biz sifrlyq sheshimder engizu jәne infraqúrylymdy janghyrtu arqyly osy kólik-logistika dәlizining әleuetin barynsha paydalanghymyz keledi. Sondyqtan eki elding búl baghyttaghy yntymaqtastyghynyng perspektivasy zor.

– Qytaydyng Qazaqstangha jetkizetin tauary aluan týrli. Al Qazaqstan tek shiykizat, múnaymen shekteledi. Aldaghy uaqytta ózara saudada Qazaqstan óz tarapynan Qytaygha ne úsyna aluy mýmkin?

– Ortalyq Aziya men Qazaqstan Qytay úsynghan Jibek joly ekonomikalyq beldeuining manyzdy bóligi bolyp sanalady, óitkeni ol Qytay-Europa temirjol ekspresining negizgi torabynda ornalasqan. Búl – ekijaqty sauda-sattyq pen kólik-logistikalyq qatynastyng kýretamyry. Byltyr memleket basshylary tauar ainalymyn 2030 jylgha qaray 40 mlrd AQSh dollargha jetkizu mejesin qoydy. Resmy derekterge sәikes, 2022 jylghy ózara sauda 31 mlrd dollargha jetti. Qazaqstandyq ónimning eksportynyng kólemi úlghayyp, 13 mlrd dollardan asty. Import 33,5%-gha ósip, 11 mlrd dollardy qúrady.

Qazaqstan Qytaygha shiykizattyq emes tauardyng 135 týrin eksporttay alady. Ásirese, Qytay naryghyn bizding elding auyl sharuashylyghy ónimderi qyzyqtyrady. Biz týrli mayly daqyldardy, tabighy taza súrypty et ónimderin, taghy da basqa organikalyq ónimderdi eksporttaugha dayynbyz. Álbette, ol ýshin veterinariyalyq, fitosanitariyalyq shekteulerden aryluymyz kerek. Mysaly, keshe taraptar birqatar auyl sharuashylyghy ónimderine qoyylatyn sanitariyalyq, fitosanitariyalyq talaptar jónindegi hattama bekitti.

Preziydent osy sapar ayasynda Qytaydaghy JD.com marketpleysindegi Qazaqstannyng últtyq pavilionyn saltanatty týrde iske qosty. Búl – Qytaydaydaghy eng iri elektrondy sauda alany.  Eksporttyq әleueti bar týrli otandyq ónimder osy platforma arqyly Qytay naryghyna shygharylady.

Meninshe, Qazaqstan eksportqa tek shiykizat satatyn el degen stereotip tayau jyldary joyylady. Bayqasanyz, Ýkimet qazir shiykizat eksportyn birte-birte azaytyp, óndelu dengeyi joghary ónimder shyghara alatyn salalargha  investisiya tartugha airyqsha kónil bólip otyr. Preziydent shetelge shyqqan saparlarynda elimiz óndeushi ónerkәsip salasyna qarjy qúighysy keletin, joghary tehnologiyalardy alyp keluge niyetti investorlargha barynsha qoldau kórsetuge dayyn ekenin údayy aityp keledi. Sondyqtan Qytaygha biz tek múnay ghana eskporttap jatqanymyz joq. Búl – anyq nәrse.

– Ortalyq Aziya elderi ýshin transshekaralyq ózender mәselesi ortaq mәsele. Sammit ayasynda búl mәsele talqylana ma? Jalpy, eki tarap bastauy Qytay aumaghynda jatqan Ile, Ertis ózenderining keleshegi turaly kelissózderdi jana dengeyge shygharugha yntaly ma?

– Su mәselesi – Qazaqstannyng halyqaralyq úiymdar, ónirlik jәne ekijaqty kezdesulerde údayy kóterip kele jatqan taqyryby. Juyrda Niu-Yorkte ótken BÚÚ-nyng su mәselesi jónindegi konferensiyasyn da ol turaly aityldy.  2023 jyly 28 aqpanda Astanada ótken AQSh pen OA elderi SIM-nin  «C5+1»  dialog formatyndaghy kezdesuinde su resurstaryn basqaru, ýnemdeu tehnologiyasyn engizu, azyq-týlik qauipsizdigi boyynsha kelisimge qol jetkizildi.

Siz aityp otyrghan transshekaralyq ózender jәne su qauipsizdigi mәselesi Siani sammiytinde talqylanady. Sebebi búl – Ortalyq Aziya elderi ýshin ózekti súraq. Preziydentimiz atalghan mәsele boyynsha shúghyl sheshimder qabyldau qajet dep sanaydy. Óitkeni Ortalyq Aziya su tapshylyghyna úshyrasa, búl aimaqtaghy azyq-týlik, energetikalyq jәne ekologiyalyq qauipsizdikke aitarlyqtay qater tóndiredi. Qytay men Qazaqstan arasynda 20-dan astam irili-úsaqty transshekaralyq ózen bar, ony birlesip paydalanu jóninde komissiyalardyng júmysy jalghasady.

Memleket basshysy sudy ýnemdi paydalanugha jәne irrigasiyagha qatysty tiyimdi sifrlyq sheshimderdi  dәiekti týrde qoldanysqa engizu ýshin osy salada aitarlyqtay tabysqa jetken  Qytay tәjiriybesin zerttep, qoldanugha bolady dep esepteydi.

– Geosayasy saladaghy sarapshylar Ortalyq Aziya ýshin iri memleketter arasynda bәseke kýsheygenin aityp jatyr. Osy túrghyda preziydent Toqaev Qazaqstanda mýddesi bar iri memlekettermen qarym-qatynastaghy әleuetti, keleshek pen tәuekelderdi qanshalyqty baghalap, saralap otyr?

– Qazaqstan men Qytay sayasi, sauda-ekonomikalyq jәne mәdeniy-gumanitarlyq yntymaqtastyqtyng barlyq spektri boyynsha qarym-qatynasty tyghyz damytuda. Elder arasynda qúqyqtyq normanyng nyq bazasy men ózara is-qimyldyng kóp dengeyli tetikteri ornaghan. Ary qarayghy is-qimyl osy kelisimderding negizinde jýzege asady.

Byltyrdan beri Qazaqstangha Resey, Qytay, EuroOdaq, Týrkiya, Ortalyq Aziya, arab elderining basshylary memlekettik jәne resmy saparlarmen keldi. Elimizde birneshe halyqaralyq sammit ótti. Al biyl AQSh-tyng memlekettik hatshysy, Europa elderining ministrleri arnayy elimizge sapar jasady. Yaghni, osy kezdesulerge qarap-aq, Qazaqstan әlemning jetekshi elderimen, kórshi memlekettermen teng әri senimdi qarym-qatynas bekitip, odan әri jalghastyryp jatqanyn bayqau qiyn emes.

IYә, ashyghyn aitu kerek, qazir әlemde geosayasy jaghday kýrdeli. Alayda osyghan qaramay, Qazaqstan ózining dәstýrli beybit sayasat jýrgizetin baghdarynan ainyghan emes.

Syrtqy sayasatta senimdi әri tyghyz baylanystardyng bir kepili naqty ekonomikalyq, biznes kelisim-sharttar ekeni mәlim. Ózimiz kuә bolyp otyrghan qazirgi sapar ayasynda sonday ondaghan qújatqa qol qoyyldy. Olardyng tizimin jariyalap otyrmyz. Yaghni, Preziydent elimizding últtyq mýddesin qashanda qorghay otyryp, osynday saparlarda ózara qatynastardy naqty kelisim-sharttarmen bekitip keledi. Búl diplomatiyadaghy keleshekke salynghan ýlken investisiya deuge de bolady.

– Qazaqstan men Qytay arasyndaghy 30 kýndik vizasyz rejim qyzu talqylanyp jatqany belgili. Búl jóninde Aqorda ne deydi?

– IYә, Qytaymen aradaghy vizasyz rejim qyzu talqylanyp jatqany ras.

Osy sapar ayasynda Qazaqstan men Qytay arasynda vizalyq talaptardan bosatu turaly kelisimge qoyyldy.  Atalghan rejim memleket ishindegi tiyisti rәsimder ayaqtalghannan keyin kýshine enedi.

Búl jerde birneshe mәselening basyn ashyp alu kerek. Eng aldymen, Qytay azamattary byltyrdan beri elimizge vizasyz 14 kýnge kele alady. Ekinshiden, búl – turizm men iskerlik baylanystardy arttyru ýshin jasalghan qadam. Yaghni, eshbir Qytay azamaty 30 kýnnen artyq Qazaqstanda jýre almaydy. Júmysqa ornalasu ýshin arnayy júmys vizasy kerek. Al sheteldik júmysshylargha beriletin kvota sany qatang baqylanady. Biyl bar bolghany 22,2 myng ghana kvota bólindi. Ol elimizdegi barlyq júmys kýshining 0,24 payyzy ghana. Sondyqtan onday ýrey, alandaushylyq orynsyz.

Jalpy, vizasyz rejim eki elding de azamattaryna qolayly. Búl shaghyn jәne orta biznestin, әsirese, qyzmet kórsetu salasynyng damuyna týrtki bolady. Turizmdi, eki el azamattary arasyndaghy iskerlik baylanystardy nyghaytugha septigin tiygizedi.

Sonday-aq qandastarymyz eki el arasynda erkin jýrip-túra alady. Búrynghyday endi elshilik aldynda saghattap kezekte túrudyn, jeke kompaniyalargha viza alyp beru ýshin aqsha tóleuding qajeti joq. Jalpy, vizasyz rejim tek Qytaymen ghana emes, Europalyq Odaqpen de engizsek degen jospar bar. Syrtqy ister ministrligi búl baghytta belsendi júmys istep jatyr.

Eske sala ketsek, 17 mamyrda Qasym-Jomart Toqaev Qytaydyng eng ejelgi qalalarynyng biri – Sianigha úshyp keldi. Búl – Toqaevtyng preziydent bolghaly Qytaygha jasaghan ekinshi memlekettik sapary. Onyng shenberinde eki el arasynda 20-dan astam qújatqa qol qoyyldy.

Qújattardyng ishinde Qytaymen vizasyz rejim el ishinde kóp talqygha týsip jatyr. Belsendiler «Vizasyz rejimge kónbeymiz» dep deputattargha hat joldaghan. Narazy azamattardyng haty әleumettik jelige jariyalandy.

Preziydentting sapary býgin Qytay-Ortalyq Aziya sammiytine jalghasady.

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