Aldymen, býgingi Forum talqylauynyng basty nysany – atyshuly kóptomdy akademiyalyq basylymgha degen otandyq ghylym, bilim, jalpy alghanda, qogham, memleket tarapynan tuyndap otyrghan múqtajdyq, súranys dengeyining jogharylyghyn atap ótu qajet. Mektepten bastap jogharghy oqu oryndarynda qoldanysta jýrgen, mәtini birinen birine ainymay aua kóship, býginde jalang da jattandy dýniyege ainalghan Qazaqstan tarihy oqulyqtarynyng hali tym mýshhil ekeni jaqsy mәlim. Odan qaldy, «jasandy» zaman, «Adal azamat», «Jana Qazaqstan», onyng qazirgi jahandyq kenistikte alar orny men salmaq-abyroyy, jana da jasampaz mazmúndy últ tarihyn talap eteri anyq.

Dey kele, kóptomdyq qúrylymy, konsepsiyasy, ondaghy ústanylar basty qaghidattargha qatysty kezinde talay pikiralys alandaryna belsene aralasyp, birqatar oilarymyzdy ortagha saldyq. Ol azday, jeke basym sol kezdegi Bilim jәne ghylym ministri A.Aytmaghambetov myrzagha arnayy hat joldap, maqalalar berdim. Áriyne, ayaqtalugha tayanghan jobagha qatysty qaytara sóz qozdyrudyng ózi artyq. Degenmen, sol úsynystarymyzdyng qaysibirining elenip, qaybirining qoldanys tapqany jóninde beyhabarmyz. Beyhabar demekshi, mәselen óz esimim qazaq handyghynyng tarihyna arnalghan tórtinshi tomnyng redaksiyalyq alqa qúramyna engizilgenimen, songhy eki jyl aralyghynda, biri dúrys, biri búrys tanyghan sansyz saraptamalardan keyin, mәtinderimizge nendey ózgeristerge úshyraghandyghy jayly beymәlimbiz, tipti tomymyzdyng tútasty mazmún-qalpy qalay shyqqandyghynan habarymyz joq. Kezinde joba jetekshileri men oryndaushy ekeuara qol qoyghan kelisimizge say, mәtinderimizdi uaqytyly tapsyrdyq, qajetti degen týzetuler men tolyqtyrulardy engizdik, endigi jerde «sen tiymeseng men tiymenin» kerine salyp, beyqam otyra beruge kәsibiyden búryn, adami, azamattyq arymyz shydatar emes. Osy bir Ýlken jobagha tartylyp, qalamgerler qatarynan boy kórsetken qay-qaysymyzdy kóptomdyqtyng әri qarayghy taghdyry alandatyp, qanday da bir ishki ýrey men kýdik sezimi mazalaydy dep oilaymyn. Múndaghy alandaushylyq, ýrey men kýdik astaryn basylymnyng bolashaghyna degen senimsizdikten emes, kerisinshe, últymyzdyng keleshek úrpaghy aldyndaghy asa bir auyr da mәrtebeli jýk artynghan tarihshylardyng joghary jauapkershiligimen baylanystyra qarastyru abzal.

Ekinshiden, Forumgha qatysushylar tizimine nazar audarsanyz, jeti tomdy jazugha otandyq jәne sheteldik 300-ge juyq ghalym tartylypty. Búl kórsetkish – bir-birine tәuelsiz 300 pikir, qyruar kózqaras, ústanym, ghylymy әdis, mektep, apparat erekshelikteri, odan qaldy, әr avtordyng qaytalanbas stiyli men qoltanbasyn bildirse kerek. Osynshama ózara baylanyssyz sanualuan qauym qalamynan shyqqan qoljazbalalardan, bir kilemning ongynday ózara ýilesken, әr bólimi birine-biri iykemdele, sabaqtasa jalghasqan, bastan ayaq ýziksiz de somdy oigha baulyr, birizdi de býtin keskindi ghylymy dýnie shygharu – atalmysh jobagha jauapty mekeme basshylyghy men әr tom ghylymy jetekshiler qúziretine jatar asa qiyn da jauapty sharua. Mәtinimiz, qazaqshalaghanda «tigisi jatqyzyla» bir sheberding qolynan shyqqanday, bastan-ayaq óndeuden ótti me, bizge sol uayym.

Óitkeni, әr tarauda aitylar kesek oi, kelesi taraugha irgetas qalanyp, tarihy sabaqtastyq qaghidatyna qazyqtalghan basylym ghana, Qazaq Elining tau-tasy men qúlan dalasy kuә bolghan tarihy ýderister, sayasiyәleumettik instituttar, mәdeniyәleumettik qúndylyqtar men dәstýrler, qúqyqtyq mәdeniyet ýrdisterding ishki zandylyqtary men tetikteri, olardyng ózara ýzdiksiz geneziysi, institusiyalanu erekshelikteri jayly tútasty tanym qalyptastyra alady.

Ázirge qolmen ústap, kózben kórmegenmen, syrttay «úzyn qúlaqtan» estuimizshe, býginde 7 tomdyq dayar, tipti әrqaysy myng betten astam, kólemdi «signaldy» núsqalar jaryq kórgendey. Qútty bolsyn! Qazaq Elining bes mynjyldyq jylnamasy bayandalghan kóptomdy akademiyalyq basylymda, Úly Dala tabighatyna beyimdele qalyptasqan Botaydan bastau alar at jalynyndaghy Altyn adamdy órkeniyet negizinde Týrki Eli men Úlyq Úlys dәstýrlerin jalghastyra ornyqqan últtyq memlekettiligimizdin, keshegi Aqtaban shúbyryndy, Zar zaman, kenestik dәuir synaghynan sýrinbey ótip, Alash arystarynyng qayratkerligi arqasynda, býginde óz tәuelsizdigin janghyrtqan jasampaz da tútasty betpeynesi qashaldy dep senemiz.

Kóptomdyqqa qatysty basy shalynar kelesi shúghyl sharua – basylym tili, sapaly audarma mәselesi. Joba oryndaushylar qúramynyng tildik, dildik, últtyq erekshelikterine sәikes, 7 tomdyqtyng basym bóligi orys tilinde qúrastyrylghany qúpiya emes. Mysaly, orys tilinen qazaqsha audarylghan óz materialdarymnyng audarma sapasy tómen ekenin bayqadym. Tarih ghylymynyng qyr-syryn tany bermes, ózge mamandyq ókili sózbe-sóz audarghan mәtinimizding mazmúny ózgerip, kóp tústa qisynsyz, qarama-qayshy maghyna iyelengen. Tarauynyzdyng qazaqsha núsqasy ózge týgil, ózinizge týsiniksiz bolghanda, odan bolashaq oqyrman ne týsiner eken?.. Kópshilik tarapynan audarmagha qatysty әli de tuyndar dau-damaylar bolary haq. Búl mәselening sheshimi qanday bolmaq, oilanar jaghday? Jalpy, alys-jaqyn elderde óz tarihyn ózge tilde jazyp, ózge tilde oqytu tәjirbiyesi bar ma eken degen zandy súraq tuady...

Osy tústa eskeriler taghy bir asa manyzdy súraq – bolashaq basylymda el, jer-su attary, tarihy túlghalar, tarihy oqighalar atalymy esh audarylymsyz, taza qazaqsha tól ataularmen (bәlkim, latyn gharipinde) ghylymy ainalymgha engizu! Eng bolmasa, sәti týsken saghatty tiyimdi paydalanyp, kóptomdyqta, endoetnoniym, etnotoponim tól-tanymdardy: «Úly Dala», «Túran», «Deshti Qypshaq», «Úlytau», «Qazaq eli», «Týrkistan»; últymyzdyng jadynda saqtalghan tarihy dәuir ataulary: «Aqtaban shúbyryndy», «Zar-zaman»; tarihy túlghalarymyz: han, bi, batyr, jyraulardyng qazaqsha esimderin, әsirese, «Qazaq әlemine» әleumettikmәdeny qúndylyqtar tóltanymy jәne t.b. keleshek úrpaq týisigine sanaly týrde qazir sindire almasaq, keyingimiz kesh tirlik.

«Jana» tarihnama kenistiginde oryn alyp otyrghan aluan әdis, qily kózqarastar men qyruar ústanymdar tarih ghylymyna týbegeyli ózgerister engizip ýlgerdi. Osylaysha, býgingi tarihtyng baghyt-baghdary iriden úsaqqa, qoghamnan adamgha, sayasattan túrmys-tirshilikke, ýderisten ýrdiske, «neliktennen» «qalay» saualyna kóship, tarihy jad pen adamy sana-sezimge aua bastady. Kezinde, bolashaqtaghy tarihy zertteuler nysany mahabbat, qúmarlyq, qorqynysh, auru, ólim t.s.s. kýndelikti ómirding qarapayym úsaq-týiegi bolaryn kim bilgen desenizshi?..

Kýnara sansyz aqparat qoynauynda qalyp, kóz aldymyzda ótkenge ainalghan «býgingi tariyh» atauly ziyatkerlik ortadan auyly alystap, «tistegenning auzynda, ústaghannyng qolynda» ketip bara jatqanday. Býginde ne ghalym ne ghylym sanatyna jatpas, hayp quyp layk jinaushy, auzyn aigha bilegen «júldyzdy» júrttyng qalyng qarasy últtyq qúndylyqtarymyzgha qol súghyp, Qart tarihymyzdy jii mazalaudy ghadetke ainaldyryp barady.

Áriyne, Abay atamyz aitpaqshy, «...ghylymgha әrkimnin-aq bar talasy». Ár kezenge óz «Gerodoty», óz sujeti men keyipkerleri say keleri de zandy. Degenmen, XXI ghasyrda ómir sýre otyryp, jan-jaqty ghylymy negizsiz, dәlelsiz, aqty qara, anyzdy aqiqat, joqty bar qylugha dayar sensasiya qúmar, «aty shyqpasa jer órteuge» belin bekem bughan qauymgha toqtau aityp, doghartudy talap eter jan tabylmaghany ma?!..

Tarihtyng basty jasampazy da jazushysy adam bolghan son, qay zamanda tarih ghylymy subektivti kózqarastardan mýldem aryla almaytyny týsinikti, әriyne. Degenmen, bolashaq úrpaq ýshin býgin jazylar últ tarihy kez kelgen «kóldeneng kók attynyng ermegine» ainalmay, shynayy da parasatty ghylymy kózqaras túrghysynan nasihattalar kez keldi.

Zamanauy últtyq tarih ghylymynyng betalysy kónilge qonymdy, aitarlyqtay janalyqtar, tanymal ghylymy mektepter men myqty ghalymdar, sauatty jas zertteushilerden kende emespiz. Desek te, әli de bolsa, últtyq, aimaqtyq, tildik, dildik, jas erekshelikterine say ózara jiktele, bir-birimen baylanyssyz oqshau damuyn jalghastyrushy otandyq tarihshy qauym basyn biriktirer ortaq iydeya, aiqyn strategiya bayqalmaydy.

Jasyratyny joq, tarih ilimin, filosofiyasyn tiyesili dәreje jete mengere bermegen qazaqstandyq zertteushilerimizding aqsar túsy – әdisnama. Ghylymy oidyng ozyq ýlgileri konteksinen júlynyp alynghan ýzindilerdi әdisnama, irgeli bilimsiz, kәsiby mamandyqsyz ne arnayy ghylymy laboratoriyasyz jýrgizilgen formaldy zertteulerdi pәnaralyq ghylymy enbek dep qabyldap, óz-ózimizdi aldaudy qashan dogharamyz? Ol azday, әli de «balalyq auru», bodandyq sanadan aryla almay, ishki jaramyzdy qozghap, «sezimdi» taqyryptardy qozdyrumen shektelip qalyp otyrmyz. Qazirgi «atemporaldy tariyh» zamanynda jaraly jadty artynyp, «ótkeni men múrasyn jalau» tútqan, úqsas kónil-kýy keshushi, býginde tek qazaqstandyq emes, ózge de qoghamdar jeterlik jәne onyng ghylymy negizi de jetkilikti. Degenmen, eger búdan әri әlemdik mәntinnen tysqary, L.N.Gumiylev payymdauyndaghy «tyshqan inindegi» tar kózqaras shenberinde, ense týsirip, mysty basar múndy da tarihymyzdy nasihattaudy jalghastyra berer bolsaq, bolashaqta ózine tolyq senimdi, jasampaz úrpaq qalyptasuy ekitalay, oilanar mәsele. Álbette, jasampazdyqty, kerisinshe, últ tarihyndaghy qayghy-qasiretting betin jyly jauyp, tek at jalynynda oinaqtap, Batysy men Shyghysyndaghy elderge qyr kórsetken Edil ne Móde siyaqty tarihy túlghalar erligin madaqtau, Shynghyshandy qazaq jariyalap, Euraziya apaytósinde alghashqy kópetnosty memleket bolghan Úlyq Úlys múrasyn menshikteu, qazaqtan asqan batyr, dara, erkin halyq bolmaghan degen ústanym dep qabyldau taghy da qatelik.

Sondyqtan, tarihymyzdy tarazylauda, qyzbalyqqa boy bermey, pafosty basyp, bayyppen zerdeley kele, tarihy oqighalardyng shynayy ghylymy baghalanymyn beruge daghdylanghan abzal. Basty maqsat – óz Sózi men Ata zany, dәstýri men qúndylyghy, mazmúny men tabighaty bólek tól tarihymyz ben mәdeniyetimizdi býgingi jahandyq shenberdegi ózge eldermen terezesi teng Jana Qazaqstan memleketining dengey-mәrtebesine say, jetkenshek buyn boyyna maqtanysh pen últjandylyq sezimderin úyalatar parasatty, ghylymy negizdi, «qús joly» kózqarasynankeng shenberde zerdeleu. Ataqty Gegeli, oily tarih filosofiyasyna boylap, tarihtaghy aqyl-sana qúdiretin týisinu, qogham damuynyng jalpy zandylyghyn týsinu ýshin, aldymen, bastapqy әri reflektorly tarih dengeyin mengeru qajet. Desek, әlemdik tarihy ólshem túrghysynan, kenje damyp, keshe qalyptasqan qazaqstandyq tarih ghylymynyn, es jiyp ense kóterer shaghy, alar shyny әli alda dep senemiz.

Tarihshylar forumyndaghy bayandamasynan...

Altayy Orazbaeva

Tarih ghylymynyng doktory professor

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