1960 jyldyng mamyr aiy. Argentina astanasy Buenos-Ayresting shetinde qarapayym ghana tirshilik keship jýrgen egde jastaghy nemis azamaty keshkisin júmystan ýiine qaytyp kele jatty.

Onyng esimi Rikardo Klement edi. Kórshileri ony kóp sóilemeytin, kózge týse bermeytin qarapayym júmysshy retinde biletin. Alayda búl adamnyng shyn esimi Adolif Eyhman bolatyn. Ol Ekinshi dýniyejýzilik soghys kezinde milliondaghan evreydi qyryp-joygha baghyttalghan nasistik sayasatty jýzege asyrugha qatysqan basty úiymdastyrushylardyng biri edi. Sol kýni ony Izrailiding «Mossad» barlau qyzmetining agentteri kýtip túrghan bolatyn. Kóp úzamay Argentina jerinde halyqaralyq janjal tughyzghan, al әlem tarihynda erekshe oryn alghan qúpiya operasiya jýzege asty.

Ótkeninen qashqan nasist

1945 jyly nasistik Germaniya jenilgennen keyin Europada búryn-sondy bolmaghan auqymdy izdestiru júmystary bastaldy. Odaqtas memleketter soghys qylmystaryna qatysy bar nasistik basshylardy tútqyndaugha kiristi. Alayda olardyng birqatary jalghan qújattar jasap, shetelge qashyp ýlgerdi.

Solardyng arasynda Adolif Eyhman da bar edi.

Eyhman nasistik Germaniyanyng qauipsizdik qúrylymdarynda qyzmet atqaryp, Europadaghy evreylerdi gettolar men joy lagerlerine kýshtep kóshiru isin úiymdastyruda manyzdy ról atqardy. Ol 1942 jylghy Vanzee konferensiyasyna qatysyp, nasistik rejimning evreylerdi jýieli týrde qyryp-joi sayasatyn jýzege asyrugha atsalysty.

Soghys ayaqtalghan song Eyhman amerikalyq әskeriylerding qolyna týskenimen, ózining shyn túlghasyn jasyryp, tútqynnan qashyp shyqty. Birneshe jyl Germaniyada jalghan esimmen ómir sýrdi. Keyin Europadan Ontýstik Amerikagha jasyryn qonys audarugha mýmkindik beretin joldardy paydalandy.

1950 jyly ol Rikardo Klement degen jalghan qújatpen Argentinagha jetti. Buenos-Ayreste qarapayym júmysshy bolyp enbek etip, keyin Mercedes-Benz zauytyna ornalasty. Uaqyt óte kele әieli men balalary da onyng janyna kóship keldi.

Eyhman osylaysha ótken ómirinen birjola qútylghanday kórindi. Biraq onyng izine týsken adamdar izdestirudi toqtatpaghan edi.

Eyhmandy izdestiru tarihyndaghy manyzdy túlghalardyng biri Germaniyadan Argentinagha qonys audarghan Lotar German bolatyn. Nasistik qughyn-sýrgindi bastan ótkergen búl adam Buenos-Ayreste otbasymen birge túratyn.

1950 jyldardyng ortasynda onyng qyzy Siliviya German Klaus Eyhman esimdi jas jigitpen tanysady. Klaus әngime arasynda әkesining nasistik Germaniyadaghy qyzmeti turaly aityp qalady. Búl sózder Lotar Germannyng kýdigin oyatady.

Ol jas jigitting әkesi izdeude jýrgen Adolif Eyhman boluy mýmkin degen boljam jasaydy. Keyin búl aqparat Germaniyadaghy Gessen jerining prokurory Fris Bauerge jetedi.

Bauer nasistik qylmyskerlerdi jauapqa tartugha kýsh salghan zanger edi. Ol Germaniyadaghy keybir memlekettik qúrylymdarda búrynghy nasisterding yqpaly saqtalghanyn eskerip, qúndy aqparattyng syrtqa shyghyp ketuinen qauiptendi.

Sondyqtan Eyhmannyng yqtimal mekenjayy turaly mәlimetti Izraili tarapyna jasyryn jetkizdi.

Alghashqy tekseruler kýmәndi tolyq rastay almady. Degenmen jana mәlimetter jinalghan sayyn Argentinadaghy Rikardo Klementting shyn mәninde Adolif Eyhman ekenine senimdilik arta týsti.

1959 jyldyng sonynda Izraili barlau qyzmeti búl isti qaytadan múqiyat zertteuge kiristi.

Izraili ýkimeti ýshin Eyhmandy qolgha týsiru jay ghana barlau operasiyasy emes, tarihy manyzy zor jaghday bolatyn.

Premier-ministr David Ben-Gurion nasistik qylmyskerdi Izrailige jetkizip, ashyq sot aldynda jauapqa tartudy maqsat etti. Operasiyany úiymdastyru mindeti «Mossad» basshysy Isser Harelige jýkteldi.

Izraili agentteri Argentinagha jasyryn attanyp, Eyhmannyng kýndelikti ómirin baqylaugha aldy. Olar onyng júmysqa qay uaqytta baryp, qashan oralatynyn, qanday qoghamdyq kólikke minetinin jәne ýiine qay jolmen jýretinin zerttedi.

Barlaushylar ýshin eng manyzdysy — nysananyng jeke ózin qatelespey anyqtau edi. Óitkeni bóten memleketting aumaghynda basqa elding azamatyn jasyryn tútqyndau halyqaralyq qúqyq túrghysynan asa kýrdeli jaghday tughyzatyn.

Baqylau nәtiyjesinde Klementting otbasy turaly mәlimetter, syrtqy kelbeti jәne búrynghy Eyhmangha tәn belgileri salystyryldy.

Aqyrynda onyng kim ekeni anyqtaldy.

Operasiyagha qatysushylar endi qolayly sәtti kýtti.

1960 jyldyng 11 mamyry. Buenos-Ayresting San-Fernando audanyndaghy Garibalidy kóshesi.

Keshki uaqytta júmystan qaytyp kele jatqan Eyhman әdettegidey avtobus ayaldamasynan ýiine qaray bettedi. Degenmen sol kýni onyng ýiine jetuine mýmkindik berilmedi.

Peter Malkin bastaghan izrailidik agentter ony kóshede toqtatyp, qolgha týsirdi. Operasiyagha Rafy Eytan, Svy Aharony jәne basqa da barlaushylar qatysty.

Eyhman jasyryn pәterge jetkizildi. Tergeu barysynda ol ózining shyn esimin moyyndady jәne Izrailide sot aldynda jauap beruge kelisetini turaly qújatqa qol qoydy.

Osylaysha on bes jyl boyy jalghan esimmen ómir sýrgen nasistik sheneunikting qúpiya tirshiligi ayaqtaldy.

Eyhmandy qolgha týsiru operasiyanyng alghashqy kezeni ghana edi. Endigi mindet ony Argentina biyligine kórsetpey Izrailige jetkizu bolatyn.

Búl ýshin Izrailiding El Al әue kompaniyasynyng úshaghy paydalanyldy. 1960 jyldyng mamyr aiynda Argentina tәuelsizdigining 150 jyldyghyna arnalghan merekelik sharalargha Izraili delegasiyasy kelgen edi. Barlaushylar osy sapardy paydalanyp, Eyhmandy elden jasyryn alyp shyqty.

Tútqyndalghanynan on bir kýn ótken song ol Izrailige jetkizildi.

23 mamyrda premier-ministr David Ben-Gurion parlament minberinen Adolif Eyhmannyng Izrailide ekenin jariyalady. Búl habar býkil әlemge tarady.

Alayda operasiya halyqaralyq diplomatiyalyq daugha úlasty.

Argentina ýkimeti Izrailidi óz elining egemendigin búzdy dep aiyptap, jaghdaydy Birikken Últtar Úiymynyng Qauipsizdik Kenesine shyghardy.

Izraili bolsa Eyhmannyng adamzatqa qarsy qylmystary ýshin sot aldynda jauap berui qajettigin algha tartty. Osylaysha halyqaralyq qúqyq pen tarihy әdilettilik jaghdaylary tónireginde kýrdeli pikirtalas órbidi.

1961 jyldyng sәuirinde IYerusalimde Adolif Eyhmangha qatysty sot prosesi bastaldy.

Sot zalyna әlemning týkpir-týkpirinen jurnalister jinaldy. Holokosttan aman qalghan kuәgerler nasistik Germaniyanyng qylmystary turaly aighaq berdi. Olardyng estelikteri Ekinshi dýniyejýzilik soghys jyldarynda bolghan qayghyly oqighalardy halyqaralyq qoghamdastyqtyng esine qayta saldy.

Eyhman ózine taghylghan aiyptargha jauap bere otyryp, joghary basshylyqtyng aitqandaryn oryndaghanyn algha tartty. Alayda sot onyng evreylerdi kýshtep kóshiru men qyryp-joy sayasatyn úiymdastyrudaghy jeke jauapkershiligin qarastyrdy.

1961 jyldyng jeltoqsanynda ol adamzatqa qarsy jәne soghys qylmystary ýshin kinәli dep tanylyp, ólim jazasyna kesildi. Ýkim 1962 jyldyng 1 mausymynda oryndaldy.

Eyhmannyng soty HH ghasyrdaghy eng manyzdy halyqaralyq oqighalardyng birine ainaldy. Ol Holokost turaly qoghamdyq týsinikting kenenine jәne nasistik qylmystardyng jana úrpaq jadynda saqtaluyna yqpal etti.

Adolif Eyhmandy Argentinadan jasyryn alyp ketu operasiyasy barlau tarihyndaghy erekshe oqighalardyng biri retinde qaldy.

Búl oqigha bir jaghynan әskery qylmyskerlerdi jauapqa tartudyng manyzyn kórsetse, ekinshi jaghynan memleketterding egemendigi men halyqaralyq qúqyq talaptaryn saqtau jónindegi kýrdeli súraqtardy kóterdi.

Eyhman úzaq jyldar basqa esimmen ómir sýrip, ótkenin jasyrugha tyrysty. Biraq onyng qylmystary turaly derekter men kuәgerlerding aighaqtary saqtalyp qaldy.

Buenos-Ayresting qarapayym kóshesinde bastalghan sol operasiya aqyrynda әlem nazaryn IYerusalimdegi sot zalyna audardy. Al Eyhman isi uaqyttyng ótui adamzatqa qarsy jasalghan qylmystar ýshin jauapkershilik problemasyn joymaytynyn eske salatyn tarihy oqighagha ainaldy.

Beysenghazy Úlyqbek, 

Qazaqstan Jurnalister Odaghynyng mýshesi

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