Qasiyetti Ramazan aiynyng orazasy hijranyng on toghyzynshy aiynda Shaghban aiynyng onynshy kýni Bәdir soghysynan bir ay búryn Mәdinada paryz boldy. Orazanyng paryz etiluin Alla taghala qasiyetti Qúranda: «Áy mýminder! Senderge búrynghylargha paryz etilgendey oraza paryz etildi...» ayaty arqyly negizdedi [Baqara sýresi 183].

Ramazan sózining maghynasy «janu» degendi bildiredi. Sebebi búl aida tәubagha kelgen әrbir músylmannyng kýnәlary janyp, joq bolady. Ramazan orazasy tek tang atqannan kýn batqangha deyingi aralyqta iship-jeuden tyiylu ghana emes. Sonymen birge nәpsisine túsau salyp jaman әdetterden arylatyn ai. Nәpsining kisendelip, tek qana jaqsylyqtyng qaqpalary ashylady. Sebebi Hz. Payghambarymyz Múhammed (s.gh.s.) hadiysinde : «Ramazan aiy kelgende jәnnәt esikteri ashylyp, tozaq esikteri qúlyptalady jәne shaytan shynjyrlarmen baylanyp tastalady»,-degen. Músylmandar búl qasiyetti aida tek ashyghudyng ghana emes ruhany túrghydan da kemeldenedi.

Oraza músylmandar ýshin týrli jaman әdetterden, teris oilardan qorghaytyn qorghan. Búl aidyng sharapatynan Alla taghalany madaqtap týrli zikirler aityp, qasiyetti Qúrandy oqu jәne onymen súhbatta boluy qoghamda bir ruhany atmosfera qalyptasuyna әser etedi. Qoghamdyq qatynastar nyghayynyng nәtiyjesinde músylmandardyng bir–birlerine degen sýispenshilikteri artady. Meyirim shapaghatqa toly aida hz. Payghambarymyz (s.gh.s.): «Kórshisi ash bola túra ózi toyyp jýrgen músylman bizden emes»,- dep tek músylmandargha ghana emes jalpy adamzatqa qayyrymdylyq jasaudy ýndegen.

Ruhany kemeldenu aiynda adamzat ruhany jaghynan da tolyqtyru ýshin oraza ústauy tiyis. Hz Mәulana «Oraza auyz bekitkenimen qosa,  kókirek kózining ashyluy»,-degen. Sebebi adamnyng kókirek kózining ashyluy arqyly aqiqatty tanyy bastaydy.

Orazanyng fizikalyq formasy búl nәpsini tәrbiyelep, ruhany kemeldenuding bir qúral bolsa, orazany ýsh týrli satysy yaghni, birinshisi ruh orazasy - týrli jamandyqtargha degen qúshtarlyqtardan úzaq túru jәne baryna qanaghat etu, ekinshisi aqyl orazasy - tәkәpparlyq pen menmendikten aighu bolsa, ýshinshisi nәpsining orazasy - jep-ishiuden jәne jynystyq qatynastardan aulaq bolu.  Osy mindetterdi oryndaghan músylmannyng ruh kózi ashylyp onyng fizikalyq kýshi jetpegen halderge jetuine mýmkindik alady.  Egerde orazany tek iship jeuden ghana arylu ýshin ghana ústasa onyng ashtyghy qalady. Múnday jaghdayda osy qasiyetti aida jasalghan ghibadattar әsersiz bolady.

Orazanyng ýsh dәrejesi bolady: әuelgisi jay qarapayym adamdardyng orazasy  tang atqannan kýn batqangha deyin asqazandy iship-jeuden saqtau, odan keyingisi qauuas orazasy yaghni, qúlaq, kóz, til, qol, ayaq jәne basqa da aghzalaryn kýnәli isterden saqtau. Aqas ul Qauuas orazasy  jýregin dýnie isterinen aulaq ústap, Allahty jad etu. Allahtan basqa nәrselerdi jýreginen aulaq ústap tek Jaratqangha zikir aitu. Onyng bergen ryzyq nәsibine qanaghat etip, ózing ashkózdik pen qyzghanshyqtyq sekildi jaman әdetterden aulaq ústau. Búl mәrtebege tek payghambarlar men salih amal (izgi amal) jasaytyn syddyqtargha tәn.

Qauuas orazasy tek salihtardyng orazasy. Búl orazanyn  artyqshylyghy adam ózining aghzalaryn týrldi kýnәlardan saqtau bolyp sanalady: 1. Kózin әdepsiz jaman nәrselerden qorghap, jýregin tek Allahty zikir etuge ghana arnau. Bógde oilardy aralastyrmau. Hz. Payghambarymyz (s.gh.s.): «Aram nәrselerge qarau ol – shaytannyng zәrli oqtarynyng biri. Kimde-kim Allahtan qorqyp odan ózin aulaq ústasa Allah ol adamgha meyirimmen qaraydy»,- dep búiyrghan. Jabiyr, Ánәsten (r.a.) hz. Payghambarymyzdan (s.gh.s): «Ótirik pen ghaybat aitu, jalghan kuәlik etu, adamdar arasynda iritki salu jәne nәpsisine ie bolmau osy bes nәrse orazany búzatyn ister»,- degen hadisti jetkizgen. 2. Jaman sózderden, ghaybat sóileuden, ósek aitudan, adamdar arasynda iritki saludan, artyq sózder aitudan, basqalarmen úrysu jәne eregisuden saqtau tilding orazasy bolyp sanalady. Hz. Payghambarymyz (s.gh.s.): «Ghaybat aitu orazany búzatyn is», «Oraza músylman ýshin qalqan. Oraza ústaghandar jaman sóz aitpasyn, daulaspasyn. Bireu ony balaghattasa nemese onymen janjaldassa, ol: «Men orazamyn»,-desin»,-dep ósiyet etken. 3. Qúlaqty jaman sózderdi estuden saqtaudyng ózi oraza. Aram sózderdi estuding ózi aram bolyp sanalady. Allah taghala Qúranda: «Olar ótirikke qúlaq salushy, aram jeushiler...» (Mәida 42), «.. olardy kýnәli sózderinen, aram jeulerinen tisa edi. Áriyne olardyng istegenderi netken jaman.» (Mәida 63),-degen keltirgen ayattarynan ghaybat jaman sózderinen qarsy pikir bildirmeuding ózi aram. Sebebi taghy bir ayatta: «...olarmen birge otyrmandar; әitpese senderde solar sekildi bolasyndar.» (Nisa 140),-dep búiyrghan. Sonymen birge hz. Payghambarymyz (s.gh.s.): «Ghaybat aitqandar men ony tyndaghandargha da kýnә ortaq bolady.»-degen. 4. Basqa da aghzalardy mәselen, ayaq, qol sekildi dene mýshelerinde jaman isterden qorghau ol da orazanyng bir týri. 5. Auyzasharda tamaqty toya jeuge rúhsat etilgenimen odan ózin sәl de bolsa tighany abzal. Sebebi toyynghan song adamnyng nәpsisi kýsheyip artyq shaytannyng arbauyna týsip qaluy ghajap emes. 6. Auyzashardan keyin Allah orazasyn qabyl etip, onymen jaqyn bolghany ýshin quanyp, ya, bolmasa Allahtyng azabyna úshyrap qalmaudy eske týsirgen halde ýmit pen qorqynysh arasynda bolu. Músylmandar barlyq ghibadattardyng sonynda da osynday jaghdayda boluy kerek. Sebebi ýmit pen qorqynysh  әrbir pendening  kýndelikti ómirdegi isterin rettep otyratyn orta jol bolyp sanalady. Onyng ómirining mәni, joldan adastyrmaytyn baghdar shamy.

Osynday ólshemdermen orazany ústaghan músylmannyng ghibadaty eng jogharghy dәrejedgi ghibadat bolyp sanalady. Adam ózining jaratushysyna qúlshylyq etkende onyng qaytarymy bar nemese men osynsha ghibadat ettim onyng sauaby múnsha boluy kerek dese búl onyng Allahpen esepteskeni bolady.  Al, egerde shyn yqylasynmen qúlshylyq etken adamgha jәnnәtting ózi ghashyq bolyp, tozaq úyalatynday dәrejede bolady. Búl turaly Rabiyatul Ádauiya anamyz: «Jaratqanym men sening jәnnәtinnen ýmit etip, bolmasa azabynnan qorqyp ghibadat etsem meni jәnnәttәn maqrúm etip, tozaghynmen azapta. Maghan senin jәnnәtinde, tozaghynda kerek emes. Mening maqsatym sening razylyghyndy tauyp, didaryndy kóru»,-dep Allahqa degen ózining sheksiz mahabbatyn úlyqtap, oghan degen ghibadattyng eng jogharghy shynyn kórsetken.

Qandayda bir qúlshylyq bolsyn niyetke baylanysty qabyl bolady. Sebebi hz. Payghambarymyz: «Amaldardyng barlyghy niyetke baylanysty»,-degen hadiysinde. Olay bolsa bizding osy qasiyetti Ramazan aiyndaghy jasalghan qúlshylyghymyzda niyetimizge baylanysty myng qúlshylyqqa para-par bolady eken. Islam dinining ishki mazmúny altyn ózegi onyng - ruhany tәrbiyesi. Kim qanday ghibadat jasamasyn ony shyn kónilmen, ainymas senimmen jasauy tiyis. Onday bolmaghan kýnde bizding jasaghan qúlshylyghymyzdan esh payda bolmaytyny haq. Búl turaly Shәkәrim atamyz:

«Taspyq sәlde, jaynamaz

Tastamaysyng qys pen jaz.

Jýregin bolsa tayghaq saz,

Sopysynyp qylma naz.»,-

dep syrtqy beynedegi qúlshylyqtyng kóz aldau ekenin osylay tamasha surettep bergen. Allah barsha músylmandardyng ghibadattaryn qabyl etip, iman baylyghyn bersin. Árbir jasaghan qúlshylyghymyzdy Allahtyng qúzyrynda osynday biyik dәrejede oryndaugha úmtylayyq. Ramazan aiy barshamyzgha qútty bolsyn. Allah әrbir otbasygha bereket birlik bersin!

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