«Dýniyede әdildik pen adaldyqty
tu etken adamnan artyq eshkim joq» Shoqan Uәlihanov.

 Qazaq halqynyng ayauly perzentterining biri Dinmúhamed Qonaev atamyz esteliginde bylay dep jazghan: «Panfilovtan qaytar jolda qazaqtyng úly ghalymy, segiz qyrly, bir syrly azamaty - Shoqan Uәlihanovtyng jatqan jerine tәuap ettik. Oqyrmangha tarihtan belgili, Shoqan 1865 jyly sәuir aiynda Altynemel jotasynyng etegindegi Kóshentoghan degen jerde dýnie salady. Kezinde kýigen kirpishten kýmbez túrghyzylsa kerek. Keyin sәuletshi P.Zenkovtyng jobasy boyynsha Shoqannyng basyna kóktas qoyylady. Biraq uaqyt sýrleuine tótep bere almady ma, joq, basynan neshe alapat zamandy keshken qazaq dalasynyng qasiret úshqyny ony da sharpymay ótpedi me, әiteuir, búrynghydan iz de qalmaydy. Biz ainala qarap, mynaday aqylgha keldik: Shoqan – qazaqtyng mandayyna bitken júldyz, onyng ólmes múrasyn óskeleng úrpaqqa úsyna otyryp, ol jatqan jerdi ary-beri ótken qazaq soqpay ótip, aruaq attaghanday bolyp jýrmesin, tym bolmasa, tәuap etip qaytyp jýrer qasiyetti oryngha ainalsyn dep, kóktasyn qalpyna keltiruge baylam jasadyq. Qysqa merzimde eskertkishting jobasy jasaldy. Ony salugha 240 myng som qarjy bóldirttim. Shoqannyng beynesi bederlengen qúlpytas 1958 jyly salynyp bitti. Ol ashylarda men arnayy kelip, taghy da tәuap etip, qúran shyghartyp qayttym» (Qonaev D.A. Ótti dәuren osylay: Estelik-esse. Orys tilinen erkin audarghan jәne avtordyng yqylasymen qazaqsha núsqasyn keneytip, әdeby redaksiyasyn jasaghan jurnalist Serik Ábdirayymúly. - Almaty:Almatykitap baspasy, 2011. – 496 b.  196-197 better).

Óz tarapymyzdan osy tarihy derekti terenirek zertteu jәne D. Qonaev atamyzdyng tapsyrmasynyng qalay oryndalghanyn anyqtau maqsatynda Taldyqorghandaghy «Jetisu oblysynyng memlekettik arhiyvi» mekemesine súrau joldaghan edik. Nәtiyjesinde, qolymyzgha arhivting №1152 qorynda saqtalghan 1957-1958 jyldary qabyldanghan tómendegi qújattardyng kóshirmeleri tiydi.

Atap aitsaq, 1957 jyldyng 12 qazanynda Enbekshiler deputattarynyng Taldyqorghan oblystyq Soveti atqaru komiytetining orys tilinde jazylghan «Ob izgotovleniy proektno-smetnoy dokumentasiy nadgrobnogo soorujeniya Chokanu Valihanovu» atty №549 qarary qabyldanghan eken.

Odan keyin, 1958 jylghy 17 mamyrda jogharyda atalghan atqaru komiytetining eki sheshimi shygharylypty: №253  «Ob utverjdeniy smety na stroiytelistvo nadgrobiya Chokanu Valihanovu», múnda qúrylystyng jobalyq qúny 263264 rubli dep bekitilgen jәne № 254 «O stroiytelistve nadgrobiya Chokanu Valihanovu»

Búl qújattarmen tolyq tanysa otyryp, sol kezde Shoqan eskertkishin túrghyzu aldynda úly ghalymnyng sýiegi naqty qay jerde jatqanyn anyqtau maqsatynda eshqanday ghylymiy-zertteu júmysy jýrgizilmegen degen qorytyndygha kelemiz. Jogharydaghy qújattardyng mәtininde ol turaly bir auyz sóz de joq. Sondyqtan, Shoqangha túrghyzylghan obeliksk-eskertkish nelikten sol oryngha ornalastyrylghan degen zandy súraq tuady.

Myna surette D.Qonaev atamyzdyng Shoqan Uәlihanov eskertkishining qúrylysy ayaqtalghannan keyin, yaghny 1958 jyldyng kýzinde kelgende týsken sәti kórsetilgen. Biz D.Qonaevtyng ong jaghynda túrghan adamdardy tanymadyq, al sol jaghynda Taldyqorghan oblystyq partiya komiytetining hatshysy A.Alybaev, Shoqan kolhozynyng tóraghasy IY.Bazarbaev jәne Shoqan kolhozy partiya úiymynyng hatshysy A.Abdrahmanov dep payymdadyq.

Búl әigili eskertkish Jetisu oblysy, Kerbúlaq audany, Shanhanay auyly manyndaghy «Kóshen toghan» atty jerde jergilikti halyq «Tóreler ziraty», «Tóreler qorymy» dep ataytyn eski beyitterding janynda ornalasqan.

Úly Otan soghysynyng ardageri, Kerbúlaq audanynyng tumasy, Shoqan atyndaghy kolhozdyng 1964-1979 jyldardaghy tóraghasy IYgibay Bazarbaev turaly jazylghan «Qazaqtyng qaysar úly» atty estelik kitaptyn  172-betinde mynaday joldar bar: «Anau tómengi jaqta Kóshen toghany bitkennen keyingi beyitter «Tóreler ziraty» dep atalady» (Qúrastyrushy Núrila Bektemirova. – Almaty: QAZaqparat, 2015. 248 bet).

Búl jerden 3-4 shaqyrym qashyqtyqta qazirgi resmy atauy «Shanhanay», al búrynnan kele jatqan atauy «Shoqan kolhozy» degen eldi meken bar.

Ózimiz de sol auylda balalyq shaghymyzdy ótkizip, Shoqan atyndaghy orta mektepti bitirgen edik. Jastayymyzdan Shoqan men onyng zamandastary, Tezek tóre men Kóshen tóre, Aysara turaly kóptegen anyz-әngimelerdi estip óstik. Mektep qabyrghasynan bastap atalghan túlghalar jayynda jazylghan maqalalardy, kitaptar men jurnaldardy oqyp, materialdar jinaqtap, shamamyz kelgenshe Shoqantanu isimen ainalysyp kele jatyrmyz.

Osy uaqytqa deyin «Shoqan kimge kerek?», «Shoqan jәne Tezek tóre», «Shoqan muzeyindegi balbal tastar qúpiyasy», «Shoqan salghan suretter», «Shoqan ilimining kókjiyegi», «Shoqan qazaqtyng túnghysh prozaiygi», «Qazaqtyng túnghysh Shoqany», «Ár qazaq balasy Shoqanday bolugha talpynugha tiyis», «Shoqan sýigen Aysara», «Qazaqtyng jaryq júldyzy» syndy ghylymiy-zertteu maqalalar jariyaladyq.

Kelip jetken 2025 jyly úly ghalym, aghartushy, gumanist Shoqan Uәlihanovtyng tughanyna 190 jyl tolady.

Aytuly data qarsanynda jogharyda atalghan eskertkishting qalay túrghyzylghany, kimderding atsalysqany turaly kózi qaraqty, kókiregi oyau auyl aqsaqaldarynan taghy bir súrap kórudi jón sanadyq.

Osy maqsatpen 2024 jylghy 19 qyrkýiekte Shoqan auylyna baryp, jas kezderinen Shoqan atyndaghy kolhozda júmys istep, zeynetke shyqqan eki-ýsh aqsaqaldyng basyn qosyp, «Kóshen toghangha» bardyq. Shoqan basynda            1938 jylghy Qabdolda Elubaev, 1941 jylghy Stalhan Seyitqazinov jәne 1952 jylghy Dýisenbay Tulemisov syndy agha buyn ókilderin әngimege tarttyq.

Qabdolda men Stalhan qariyalar ghylymy janalyq dep esepteytindey, óte qyzyqty kelesi mәlimetterdi aitty.

Eskertkish túrghyzylghan 1958 jylgha deyin ol jerde syrtqy pishini qazaq ýige úqsaytyn eki kýmbez jәne syrty qorshalmaghan, eshqanday belgi qoyylmaghan, topyraghy tómpeshik bolyp ýiilgen taghy bir mola túrghan kórinedi. Eki kýmbez bir-birine jaqyn ornalasqan, qabyrghalary kirpishten qalanghan «tórtqúlaqty», tórtbúryshty bolghan eken. Al ýshinshi qorshauy joq mola shetke taman ornalasqan kórinedi, ýiindisi qazir de sol ornynda. Sol zamanda jergilikti túrghyndar kýmbezding bireui Kóshen tóreniki dep aitatyn, ekinshisi Shoqandyki dep aitatyn, sebebi onyng aldynda aq granitten qashalghan, betinde kórshi auyldyng eki orysy shapqanynan qalghan izi bar tórtbúryshty plita jatqan.

Aqsaqaldardyng aituynsha, 1958 jyldyng nauryz aiynda deni orystardan qúralghan qúrylys brigadasy kelip, Shoqannyng bolashaq eskertkishi túrghyzylatyn alandy dayyndaugha kirisken kórinedi. Aldymen ýlken jýk kólikteri Saryózek jaqtan qiyrshyq tas tasyp, kýmbezder túrghan jerding janyndaghy saydy toltyrady. Odan keyin eki kýmbezdi de qúlatyp, jermen-jeksen etip tegistep tastaydy. Tipti ýstinen jýk mashinasymen taptaydy. Al qorshauy joq molagha tiyispeydi. Oghan tiyispegen sebebi, bastyqtyrdyng baqylauymen júmysshylar búl molanyng әr jerine úzyn lom temir jýgirtip, pispekteydi de truba tyghyp, tyng tyndaydy. Sonda lom temirding úshy jerding astyndaghy әldebir temir zattargha soqtyghyp, tanqyldaghan dybys estilgen. Ol temir zattar Shoqannyng denesimen birge jerlengen qaru-jaraghy dep qabyldanyp, beyitting ózi Shoqandyki dep sheshilgen.

Osy jerde týsingenimiz, aldyn-ala eshqanday ghylymiy-zertteu-arheologiyalyq júmys jýrgizilmegen! Jogharyda keltirilgen Taldyqorghan oblystyq atqaru komiyteti qújattarynda da onday ghylymy júmys jýrgizu turaly bir auyz sóz jazylmaghanyn aityp óttik.

Qazir búl jeke qorshalmaghan molanyng basynda sopaqsha kelgen qara tas túr, ony kimder, qashan qoyghany әzirshe belgisiz.

Sonymen, jogharydaghy surette beynelengen Shoqannyng obelisk-eskertkishining qúrylysy qazan aiynda ayaqtalady. Aqsaqaldardyng aituynsha, qúrylys basynda kýni-týni basshylyq jasaghan sol kezdegi Taldyqorghan oblystyq komsomol úiymynyng jetekshisi lauazymyn atqarghan Ramazanova Bijamal (1927-2020) degen azamatsha eken. Eskertkishting jobasyn arhiytektor Margarita Vashenko әzirlegen,  tútas  graniytin Qordaydan aldyrghan eken. Al Shoqannyng qola mýsini Moskva týbindegi Mytyshenskiy zauytynda qúiylypty.

1958 jylghy 12 qazanda eskertkishting ashylu saltanaty ótkizilip, arty bәige men toygha úlasqan. Ashylu saltanatyn jýrgizgen de B. Ramazanova. Búl jiyngha akademikter Á.Marghúlan, S.Bәiishev, jazushy S.Múqanov, aqyndar T.Rýstembekov, Q.Japsarbaev siyaqty kóptegen últ ziyalylary qatysypty.

Surettegi eskertkishting tómengi jaghynda kórinip túrghan aq mәrmәr tasta «Zdesi pokoitsya prah shtabs-rotmistra Chokana Chingisovicha              Valihanova, skonchavshegosya v 1865 godu.
Po jelanii Turkestanskogo general-gubernatora Kaufmana, iy vo vnimanie uchenyh zaslug Valihanova, polojen sey pamyatnik general-leytenantom Kolpakovskim v 1881 godu» degen jәne músylmansha audarma jazu bar.

Búl jazudy oqyghan kez kelgen adam Shoqannyng denesi dәl osy jerde jatyr dep oilaydy, músylman aghayyndar qúran baghyshtap jatady.

Mine, qúrmetti oqyrman, D. Qonaev atamyzdyng pәrmenimen túrghyzylghan Shoqan eskertkishining biz biletin, estigen qysqasha tarihy osy.

Biraq, Shoqantanushy ghalymdar ýshin aqsaqaldar aitqan tarihtan kóptegen súraqtar tuyndaydy.

Shoqannyng denesi men jerlengen jeri turaly dau-damay, kem degende songhy jýz jyldan beri jalghasyp keledi. Búl mәsele boyynsha kóptegen pikirler men joramaldar jariyalanuda.  Onyng týiinin biz 2023 jylghy               21 sәuirde «Abay.KZ» internet portalynda jariyalanghan «Shoqan kimge kerek?» atty maqalamyzda tarqatugha tyrysqan edik.

Altynemel ónirining túrghyndary arasynda osy uaqytqa deyin jetken Shoqannyng denesi qaytys bolghannan keyin Tezek tórening úigharymymen, súltan Eraly Ádilúly Abylayhanov mazarynyng týbine jerlengen degen auyzsha derek bar.

Eng qyzyghy, el auzyndaghy derek N. Pantusovtyng tómendegi eki fotosuretimen jәne maqalasymen dәleldenip túr.

Suretterdi týsirgen Jetisu ólkesining әskery gubernatorynyng erekshe tapsyrmalar jónindegi sheneunigi, ghalym, shyghystanushy, etnograf Nikolay Nikolaevich Pantusov. Ol 1898 jylghy 1 tamyzda mazardy eki ret suretke basyp alghan. Ol uaqytta mazar túrghyzylghannan beri 30 jyldan astam uaqyt ótken edi. Tómendegi sol eki suretten mazardyng kýn men jeldin, jauyn-shashynnyng әserinen әbden mýjilip, kýmbezi opyrylyp qalghanyn bayqaugha bolady.

Mazardyng nashar jaghdayy turaly N.Pantusov «Mogila Chokana Valihanova, bliz stansiy Kuyankuzskoy, Kopaliskogo uezda» atty maqalasynda jazghan. Búl maqala 1899 jyly Tashkentte jaryq kórgen eken. Onyng qazaqsha mazmúnyn (Azken Altay «Shoqan turaly birer sóz») keltireyik.

«Mogila Chokana Valihanova» maqalasynda Nikolay Pantusov: «Búl mazargha men 1898 jyldyng 1 tamyzynda bardym. Mazar poshta jolynyng sol jaghynda ornalasqan (Qoyankóz stansiyasynan Altyn-Emel stansiyasyna qaray jýrgende), Qoyankózding 5-inshi stansiyasynan ótken kezde joldan kórinedi. Mazar biyik tóbede ornalasqan, ainalasynda qazaqtardyng egindik jerleri bar, aryqtar aghyp jatyr. Sondyqtan ol jerge atpen ghana jetuge bolady. Shoqannyng mazary kóptegen qazaq súltandarynyng molalarynyng ortasynda túr. Mazarlardyng bәri de eski, qúlaghaly túr, eshqanday jóndeu kórmegen. Shoqannyng mazarynyng tórt baghany bar, saman kirpishten soghylghan. Osy tórt baghannyng ýstine kýmbez qoyypty. Ókinishtisi, qazir kýmbezding júrnaghy da joq. Ábden mýjilip, qúlap qalghan.

Mazardyng úzyndyghy - 7 arshyn (10 metrge juyq), eni - 6 arshyn (8,5 metr), biyiktigi - 4 arshyn (5,5 metr).
Shoqannyng mazarynyng ishine mәrmardan qashalghan tórtbúryshty plita qoyylghan, betinde mynaday jazu bar: «Búl jerde 1865 jyly dýniyeden ótken shtabs-rotmistr Shoqan Shynghysúly Uәlihanov jerlengen. Týrkistan genaral-gubernatory fon Kaufmannyng tapsyruymen Uәlihanovtyng ghylymgha sinirgen enbegin eskere otyryp general-leytenant Kolpakovskiy 1881 jyly eskertkish ornatqan. Búl jayly taqtagha jazylghan, qazaq tilindegi audarmasy berilgen», – dep jazady.

Búl jerdegi basty mәsele - fotosurettegi Shoqannyng mazary qazirgi obelisk túrghan jerden ontýstik-kýnshyghysqa qaray 50-60 qadam jerde ornalasqanynda.

Qazirgi uaqytta, qashan qúlaghany nemese qasaqana qiratylghany belgisiz,  surette kórinip túrghan Eraly súltan mazarynyng ózi joq bolsa da, domalaq kelgen ýiindisi kólemimen erekshelenip, anyq kórinip túr. Sonday aq, N.Pantusov jazghanday, Shoqannyng ziraty Eraly súltannyng mazarynyng aldynda, basqa tórelerding zirattarynyng ortasynda ornalasqan bolsa, olar qazirgi uaqytta da sol alghashqy oryndarynda bólek-bólek tómpeshik bolyp jatyr. Surette anyq kórinip túrghan qysh kirpishten qalanghan qorshaudyng da qazirgi uaqytta әbden mýjilip, ýiindige ainalghan súlbasyn, suret týsirilgennen beri beri 127 jyl ótse de, anyq bayqaugha bolady.

Al Qazirgi Shoqan jatqan jer dep jýrgen, basyna obelisk ornatylghan oryn manynda jogharyda atalghan tómpeshikten basqa eshqanday zirat, beyitter joq, manayy tegis.

Bala kýnimizde auyl aqsaqaldarynan estigenimiz, shynynda 1858 jyly Shoqangha arnalghan eskertkish-obeliskini «Tóreler ziratynan» sәl aulaghyraq, yaghny qazirgi ornyna ornatqan (nelikten ekeni belgisiz, sirә, iydeologiya baylanysty basqa tóreler zirattarynan bólektegenderi bolar). Eraly Abylayhanov súltannan bastap, belgili-belgisiz tóreler jerlengen «tórebeyitti» qalqalap, syrtynan biyik beton (promograda) plitalarmen qorshap tastaghan. Múnyng sebebin sol uaqyttaghy Kenes Ýkimeti jýrgizgen «qyzyl» sayasattan izdegen jón bolar. Eger obeliskti Shoqannyng alghashqy ziratynyng basyna túrghyzsa, kelgen adamdar onyng manayyndaghy jatqan basqa zirattardy, qiraghan kýmbezderding ornyn kórip, onda kimder jerlengen degen súraq qoyar edi. Odan baryp tórelerding aty-jóni, ómirbayandary, atqarghan qyzmetteri turaly súraqtar qoyyp, maghlúmat izdeytin  edi. Al yrymshyl qazaq bala-shaghalaryn jii әkelip, týrli diny joralghylar atqara bastaytyny sózsiz. Sodan qaymyqqan Kenes ýkimetining iydeologiya salasy basshylary Shoqannyng ziratyn oqshaulaghan jәne «tórebeyitti» jayau adam kóre almaytynday, biyik beton plitalarmen әdeyi qorshatyp tastaghan degen oy tuady.

Ol qorshau bertinge deyin, yaghny 2020 jyldargha deyin túrdy. Naqty aitsaq, olardy publisist Azamat Aqylbekov sol uaqyttaghy Kerbúlaq audany әkimi M.Biygeldiyev myrzagha, basqa oryndargha aryzdanyp jýrip, 2019 jyly aldyryp tastady.

Sol beton qorshaudyng ózi Shoqan ziratynyng qasaqana kóshirilgenining dәleli emes pe? Nemese, D.Qonaevtan bastap, eskertkish-obeliskini túrghyzugha jauapty qyzmetkerler Shoqannyng naqty jerlengen jerin bilmegen shyghar.

Olay bolsa, Shoqannyng 190 jyldyghyna oray onyng naqty jerlengen jerin anyqtap, sýiegine eksgumasiya arqyly ghylymy saraptama jasap, osy uaqytqa deyin ushyghyp kele jatqan dau-damaydy, daqpyrt sózderdi toqtatu qajet dep esepteymiz. Ol ýshin qúramyna qajetti mamandardy engize otyryp, arnayy memlekettik komissiya qúrudy úsynamyz.

Atalghan mәselening manyzdylyghyn eskere otyryp, osy saualdy Qazaqstan Respublikasy Ýkimetining basshylyghyna jәne mýddeli memlekettik organdargha joldaymyz.

Baghdat Baqtybayúly Aqylbekov

QR Jurnalister Odaghynyng mýshesi, Shoqantanushy

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